Section 1 Latitude and Longitude Lines of latitude

Section 1: Latitude and Longitude Lines of latitude and longitude are used to locate places on Earth. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned

Essential Questions • What is the difference between latitude and longitude? • Why is it important to give a city’s complete coordinates when describing its location? • Why are there different time zones from one geographic area to the next? Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Latitude and Longitude

Vocabulary Review New • • time zone Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education cartography equator latitude longitude prime meridian International Date Line Latitude and Longitude

Latitude • Maps are flat models of three-dimensional objects. • The science of mapmaking is called cartography. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Latitude and Longitude

Latitude • The equator is an imaginary horizontal line located at 0° latitude that circles Earth and separates it into two equal halves. • Latitude is the distance in degrees north or south of the equator. • Lines of latitude run parallel to the equator. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Latitude and Longitude

Latitude • The value in degrees of each line of latitude is determined by measuring the imaginary angle created between the equator, the center of Earth, and the line of latitude. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Latitude and Longitude

Longitude • Longitude is the distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian. • The prime meridian is an imaginary line that represents 0�longitude. • Lines of longitude, also called meridians, are semicircles that extend vertically from pole to pole. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Latitude and Longitude

Longitude • The degree value of each line of longitude is determined by measuring the imaginary angle between the prime meridian, the center of Earth, and the line of longitude. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Latitude and Longitude

Longitude Using coordinates • Both latitude and longitude are needed to locate precise positions on Earth. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Latitude and Longitude

Longitude Time Zones • In most cases, each of Earth’s 24 time zones corresponds roughly to a line of longitude and represents a different hour. However, there are some exceptions. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Latitude and Longitude

Time Zones Concepts In Motion See CH. 2 Section 1 animation file. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Latitude and Longitude

Longitude • The International Date Line, 180° meridian, serves as the transition line for calendar days. • Traveling west across the International Date Line advances your calendar one day. • Traveling east moves your calendar back one day. Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education Latitude and Longitude

Review Essential Questions • What is the difference between latitude and longitude? • Why is it important to give a city’s complete coordinates when describing its location? • Why are there different time zones from one geographic area to the next? Vocabulary • cartography • equator • latitude Copyright © Mc. Graw-Hill Education • longitude • prime meridian • International Date Line Latitude and Longitude