Secondary Data Census and TIGER Why Secondary Data

Secondary Data Census and TIGER

Why Secondary Data? n n n Context (geographic, temporal, social) for primary data. Secondary data may provide validation for primary data Secondary data may act as a substitute for primary data.

Types of Secondary Data n How to find it n Official n Unofficial

Unofficial Secondary Data Sources n n n Private research results Research reports, research papers, textbooks Opinion polls Market research On-line databases Anecdotal/hearsay

Official Secondary Data Sources Agriculture n Business/Industry n Crime n Education n Finance n Energy n Environment n Health n Transport n Weather n

Agriculture n USDA n FAO n Farm Bureau Federation n Babcock

Business / Industry n n n STAT-USA/Internet (US Dep. of Commerce, not free) Consumer Expenditure Surveys (Bureau of Labor Statistics) Internal Revenue Service

Crime n Bureau of Justice Statistics n FBI n Crime & Justice Electronic Data Abstracts http: //www. ojp. usdoj. gov/bjs/dtdata. htm

Education n National Center for Education Statistics n School District Data Book (ORST) n National Science Foundation n UNESCO

Environment n n EPA Envirofacts EPA Enviro. Mapper Facility Information Hazardous Waste Data Superfund Toxics Releases Inventory Water Discharge Permits Score. Card Right To Know

Health n n National Center for Health Statistics (CDC) Social Security Administration

Geophysical n NOAA n USGS n US Forest Service n Soil Conservation Service n Dep. of Natural Resources (DNR) n Dep. of Conservation

Transportation n Department of Transportation n Bureau of Transportation Statistics n State Highway Departments (CA, TX) n Regional Transport Authorities

Census n n n n Structure Timing Population Organization Analysis Presentation Geographical Hierarchy Variables

Census Geographical Hierarchy Region Division State County subdivision Place (or part) Census tract (or part) Block group (or part) 9 mio. Census blocks

Census Household Variables n n n n Number of persons n n Age and gender n Race n Language n Income and poverty Education n Employment n Citizenship n Vehicles for commute Disability Homeownership status Vacancy Rent and value of housing Age and type of structure Plumbing and Kitchen Heating

Examples of Census Variables n n n n Accommodations Agriculture Alaska Natives Arts, Entertainments Asians Assets Assistance n n n n Capital Expenditures Child Care/Support Commodity Flows Communications Consumer Income County Business Patterns County/City Government

TIGER n n Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing system Based on USGS topographic maps but majorly augmented n Contains no elevation data n No copyright n No street names

American Community Survey n Annual n Long n Representative – not comprehensive n Master Address File for sample selection n Wisconsin a forerunner

Pro’s and Con’s of Secondary Data Advantages n n Cheap Timeliness Access to people/organizations that we wouldn’t have access to otherwise Less post-processing Disadvantages n n Collection method unknown Lack of control

Data Vendors n Remote Sensing n Value adding to public data n Utilities n Market Research n GIS Vendors n University Extensions n World Bank

Before YOU Purchase Data n Accuracy n Compatibility n Lineage and metadata n Who owns the copyright?