Search Rescue Ins and Outs Objectives n n
Search & Rescue Ins and Outs
Objectives n n n Building Orientation Search Orientation Primary & Secondary Search Methods Search Priorities Search Area Safety Rescue vs. Recovery Vent-Enter-Search Oriented Person Search Traditional Search Progress
Building Orientation n 360 Degree walk around before entering n Mental Picture of ________ n Doors/ Windows n Fire Location/Smoke Conditions n Is it occupied? n CAN YOU GET OUT IF CONDITIONS WORSEN n Structure type n Residential/Public
Building Orientation Cont. n Occupancy Time of Day n Type of Occupancy n Vehicle in drive n Bystanders or building occupants n n Questions n n n if somebody is said to be inside: Where were they last seen? How old are they? Physical or mental handicapped?
Side A
Side C
Search Orientation n What methods are used to stay oriented? Left & Right Hand Search n Search lines n n Used n to anchor to objects that won’t move How will partners stay in contact? Discuss landmarks (type of room or hazards) n Voice contact in small room searches n Using tools, rope, or voice n
Search Area Safety n n n n n Evaluate structural stability Evaluate for backdraft or flashover conditions Continue to reevaluate the operation’s safety Determine Structure type, possibility of collapse, and life safety risk. Check integrity of the floor in front of you at all times Check overhead for high heat or flames Do not risk firefighter safety for victims who cannot be saved If visibility is poor, consider ventilation before entry Always have a search plan prior to entry
Safe Search Priniciples n Communications n n With command, team members, attack crews Accountability n Look out for each other Team Work n Air Supply n Orientation n n Keep a mental picture of where you are.
10 Commandments to Safe Primary Search and Rescue 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Search with a partner Conduct a thorough size up Carry a tool and handlight Use all of your PPE Control the door Have a plan Stay in contact with a wall Ensure people (IC) know where you are Monitor fire conditions Remain oriented
Procedures for Conduction S/R What factors dictate location of Primary Search? n What area of a building are searched first? n What is the role of Thermal Imaging in Primary & Secondary Search? n What are the limitations of TIC’s? n
Use Tools Rope Used to Extend Reach Use tools to sweep under likely Hiding places. Sound the Floor 1 Firefighter Oriented in Hall TIC’s Save Time
Rescue Vs. Recovery
Primary Search Quick attempt to locate victims who are in danger. n Time is critical n Check all areas where victims might be n Rely on sight, sound, and touch n Use hand tools to extend your reach n Check probable areas that are tenable and safe for you to search quickly. n
Prioritizing Search Areas n n How do you determine where a search will begin? What areas will be searched first? How is time of day a factor in your search? What other factors are included in your decisions on where to search? 1. 2. 3. 4. Most severely threatened The largest numbers (groups) Remainder of fire area The exposed areas
Search Priorities What does the car tell you? ? ?
Oriented Person Search Method n n Emphasizes team search methods Must have a predetermined plan and this must be practiced before use This method is ideal for use when small rooms are involved Search leader remains oriented to one place in structure n n n On hose or rope line In entry way to room In hallway Oriented persons job is to guide the searching firefighter back to them Searching firefighter will use traditional search methods while working inside a room n Right hand, left hand, quick primary search sweeps
Traditional Search n n n n Search in teams of two Remain in visual or voice At least one team member must have a radio and be in contact with the IC Maintain contact with a wall Progress through structure on same wall Make turns in same direction to return to the point that you entered from Notify IC when search of each area is complete
Right Hand Search
Secondary Search Thorough search conducted after the situation is under control. n Locates victims not discovered in primary. n Completed when conditions improve but may still present hazard. IDLH? n Slow and methodical covering all areas n Use several teams of firefighters n Include all areas of the building. n
Search Progress “All Clear” is given once primary and secondary searches have been completed. n Mark rooms that have been searched n Give an example of a radio report after the primary search reveals no victims? n What actions need to be taken upon finding a victim? n
Review Describe 3 types of search patterns or techniques. n What tools are used during primary search n Discuss the time of day and probabilities factors relating to primary search n What landmarks can you use to help identify the basic layout of the interior of a structure from the outside. Why is it important? n
QUESTIONS?
Practical Training Grounds to due search evolutions. n Make sure you have the appropriate tools. n Appropriate communications when entering, and through out the evolution. n Use the appropriate methods for Search and Rescue. n
- Slides: 26