Search Patterns W S Objectives DEMONSTRATE search pattern

Search Patterns W S

Objectives • DEMONSTRATE search pattern nomenclature • APPLY standard search pattern designations • IDENTIFY the purpose of each search pattern • FORWARD a search pattern to an SRU • SELECT the appropriate search pattern • PLOT a search pattern

Search Area Designation How are search areas designated? A, B, C. . . When does it become a B search? When drift is recalculated. CSP A-1 A-2

Describing Search Areas The standard methods used to designate search areas Corner Point Method Center Point Method

Describing Search Areas BLDG SMC will pass this information from the SAROPS summary. NM 12 Center Point or Corner Points will be passed to the SRU M N 20 44 -30 N 62 -20 W T 0 06

Search Pattern Selection

What is your u datum accuracy? u search area usize? SRU’s? u environment? u Search target u detection aids? Time, current Large or Small Number, type, speed FAC or Hurricane Large or small Visual, Radar, NVG?

3 nm Minor Axis Major Axis Track space Search Legs Commence Search Point (CSP) Cross Legs Sweep Width Nomenclature

Nomenclature N Creep W Direction of Creep CSP S E

Search Pattern Designation TSN TSR PS CS S B SS e n i l e r o h S VS

Search Pattern Designation First letter designates the Pattern Type P Parallel track C Creeping line S Square P V B T Sector Barrier Trackline

Search Pattern Designation Second letter designates number of units S Single unit P S M Multi-unit

Search Pattern Designation The third letter designates specialized SRU patterns or instructions. N Non return R Return T SR

Trackline Patterns Criteria u Used when the intended route of the search object is known. u. A rapid and reasonably thorough coverage of the missing craft's proposed track.

Trackline Patterns Trackline Single-unit Non-return (TSN) A CSP B

Trackline Patterns Trackline Single-unit Return (TSR) CSP A CSP offset ½-search track spacing from the trackline B

Parallel Patterns Criteria u. Used to cover large search areas. u. Provides uniform coverage. u. Only an approximate initial position is known.

Major Axis Parallel Track Single Unit (PS) CSP Minor Axis

Creeping Line Patterns Criteria u. Used to cover one end of an area first or u. To change direction of the search legs. u. CSP is located 1/2 track spacing inside the corner of the search area.

Major Axis Creeping Line Single Unit (CS) CSP Search Legs are oriented to the minor axis

Square Patterns Criteria u. Used to search a small area. u. Some doubt exists about the distress position u. Provides uniform coverage.

Square Patterns Execution u. CSP is at datum. u. First leg is in the direction of drift. u. All turns are 90 degrees to the right. u. Search leg length is increased by one track space on every other leg.

Square Single Unit (SS) 3 S = 1 NM 1 4 3 1 2 2 4 4

Sector Patterns Criteria u. Datum is established within close limits. u. High coverage is desired in the immediate vicinity of datum. u. Area to be searched is not extensive.

Sector Patterns Execution u. CSP is at datum. u. First leg is in the direction of the object’s drift. u. All turns are 120 degrees to the right. u. Second search begins 30 degrees to the right.

Sector Single Unit (VS) CSP Corrected Sweep Width (W) is equal to the 2 x radius and determined by the search object. r

Sector Single Unit (VS) Second Pattern First pattern Second pattern off set 30 degrees to the right

Cross-Over Barrier Pattern u. High current areas u. Containment of Datum is paramount u. Search legs perpendicular to movement of target

Cross-Over Barrier Pattern (BS) Distress Position Current

Shoreline Search Small vessels or aircraft: low altitudes & speeds close inspections of the terrain Consider the possibility of survivors clinging to navigational aids such as buoys, or to rocks offshore

Shoreline Search Example: SMC’s intention is to search. 5 NM offshore

Review u. What axis do the search legs of a PS run along? u. Where is CSP for a VS? a PS? u. What direction does the 2 nd search start in a VS?

Review u What direction are all turns in an SS? u. Which pattern is used for large area, uniform coverage and the approximate position is known? u What is the direction of all turns in a VS?

Plotting Search Patterns

Plotting a “PS” Determine Search Area Major Axis Minor Axis Search Area 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “PS” Measure ½ track spacing in from the corners Major Axis Minor Axis 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “PS” Connect the marks to make the patterns size Major Axis Minor Axis 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “PS” Mark CSP, then mark full track spacing Major Axis Minor Axis CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “PS” • Lay out search legs and erase every other cross leg Major Axis Minor Axis CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “PS” • Label a minimum of three legs Major Axis 1 ½ ºT/ NM ºC S- 0 1 ºC ºT ºC DNM CSP CD- ºT/ NM C- CD- KN 2 3 4

Plotting a “CS” Determine Search Area Major Axis Minor Axis Search Area 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “CS” Measure ½ track spacing in from the corners Major Axis Minor Axis Search Area 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “CS” Connect the marks to make the pattern size Major Axis Minor Axis 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “CS” Mark CSP and measure a full track spacing Major Axis Minor Axis CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “CS” Lay out search legs and erase every other cross Major leg Axis Minor Axis CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “CS” • Label a minimum of three legs ºC S- ºT/ NM CD- ºT/ NM ºC ºT ºC DNM KN C- CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “VS” • Plot datum and arc a full track spacing around it 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “VS” • Lay down the first track line in the direction of drift Datum (CSP) 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “VS” • Mark track spacing on either side of the line CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “VS” • Lay out the remaining track lines by connecting the marks CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “VS” CD- ºT/ ºC NM S- KN • Label three legs minimum CD- ºT / NM ºC CD- / ºT M N ºC CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “SS” • Plot datum and mark a full track spacing around it 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “SS” • Lay down first search leg in the direction of drift CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “SS” • All turns are 90° to the right. CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “SS” • Add one track spacing every other search leg CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “SS” • Repeat for number of legs required CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “SS” • Label all legs ºT/ NM CD- ºT/ NM 3 ºC 2 CSP ºT/ NM 1 ºC CD- 0 ºT/ NM ºC CD- ½ CD- ºC ºT/ NM CD- 1 ºT/ NM CD- ºC ºC 4

Plotting a “TSR” • Using the target's intended track line, plot positions along the track 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “TSR” • Using 1/2 track spacing, arc a circle around each plotted position 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “TSR” • CSP will be located at one end CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Plotting a “TSR” • Label all legs CD- ºT/ NM ºC S- KN CD- ºT/ NM ºC ºT ºC DNM CD- ºT/ NM ºC C- ºT/ NM CD- ºC CSP 1 ½ 0 1 2 3 4

Questions? ? ? ? ? ? ?