Sea Monsters take II November 14 2018 Squid
Sea Monsters – take II November 14, 2018
Squid are related to gastropods (e. g. snails) and bivalves (e. g. clams). A. True B. False 50% True False
Squid Anatomy They are mollusks…. But they look very different from their relatives: Gastropods – snails Bivalves - clams
Mantle – highly muscular; Forces water from the cavity through the siphon… “Foot” – divided into tentacles….
The Caribbean Reef Squid (Sepioteuthis sepioidea), also known as just the Reef Squid, is a small (20 cm) torpedo-shaped squid with fins that extend nearly the entire length of the body and undulate rapidly as it swims. Chromatophores are pigment-containing and light-reflecting cells send one message via color patterns to a squid on their right, while they send another message to a squid on their left voracious eater and typically consumes 30 -60% of its body weight daily.
Giant Squid Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Mollusca Class: Cephalopoda Genus: Architeuthis Tremendous size: recent estimates put the maximum size at 13 m (43 ft) for females and 10 m (33 ft) for males. The mantle is about 2 m (6. 6 ft) long (more for females, less for males), and the length of the squid excluding its tentacles is about 5 m (16 ft). There have been claims reported of specimens of up to 20 m (66 ft), but no animals of such size have been scientifically documented.
The most dramatic character of giant squids is the pair of extremely long tentacles, distinct from the eight shorter arms. The long tentacles make up to two-thirds of the length of the dead specimens collected to date. The longest giant squid on record was 18 m total length (Clarke 1969), of which more than 12 m was made up of this tentacle pair. As these feeding tentacles can stretch as they decay, upper size claims for giant squids may be overestimated. tentacle club of Architeuthis, showing circular-saw-like sucker rings. http: //www. reuters. com/news/video? video. Id=1117&news. Channel=science. New s
Giant squids are unique among cephalopods as they can hold the long tentacle shafts together with a series of small suckers and corresponding lugs along their length that enable the shafts to be ‘zipped’ together. This results in a single shaft bearing a pair of tentacle clubs in claw-like arrangement at the tip.
The largest measured giant squid, stranded on a New Zealand beach in 1880: - - stretched nearly 60 feet from the tip of its mantle to the tips of its 40 foot tentacles. It was judged to weigh about a ton. Its eyes were about the size of a person's head.
Scientists studying stranded sperm whales on a beach about 145 miles north of Kaikoura have found on every head, around the jaws, the signs of the giant squid in the form of arrays of round scars left by the saw-tooth suckers of the giant squid. .
A sperm whale eats about a ton of food a day, most of it squid. To find the giant squid, sperm whales must plunge into the depth of the Kaikoura Canyon. This could mean dives of 3, 000 to 5, 000 feet http: //www. mnh. si. edu/natural_partners/squid 4/20 Feb 1999. htm
First-ever observations of a live giant squid in the wild Tsunemi Kubodera and Kyoichi Mori - Proceedings of the Royal Society 2005 The giant squid was hunting at 900 m during the day Spermwhales feed at this depth during the day and at 400– 500 m at night.
Beak Made of……. . Chitin! Used for…. Killing and tearing prey!
Colossal Squid or Antarctic or Giant Cranch Squid -only a few specimens, current estimates put its maximum size at 12– 14 metres (39– 46 feet) long, -making it the largest known invertebrate.
Unlike the giant squid, whose arm and tentacles only have suckers lined with small teeth, the Colossal Squid's arms and tentacles are also equipped with sharp hooks: some swiveling, others three-pointed. Its body is wider and stouter, and therefore heavier, than that of the giant squid. Colossal Squids are believed to have a longer mantle than giant squids, although their tentacles are shorter. The squid exhibits deep-sea gigantism The Colossal Squid has also the largest eyes documented in tentacle club the animal kingdom. of Mesonychoteuthis, with swiveling hooks.
The beak smaller than those found In sperm whale stomachs…. EYE – 10. 6 inches wide! Largest ever measured! And when alive probably bigger -12 -16 inches!!!! -Ovaries contained…. -1000 s of eggs Colossal Squid (Mesonychoteuthis hamiltoni) caught in the Ross Sea. It is the largest specimen recorded to date.
Octopus
Cephalopod Characterized by 1. Bilateral body symmetry 2. A prominent head 3. A set of arms or tentacles (muscular hydrostats)
Chambered Nautilis Bobtail squid
Octopus…. . 1. eight arms (as distinct from the tentacles found in squid and cuttlefish) 2. usually bearing suction cups 3. Unlike most other cephalopods have almost entirely soft bodies with no internal skeleton. They have neither a protective outer shell like the nautilus, nor any vestige of an internal shell or bones, like cuttlefish or squid. 4. A beak, similar in shape to a parrot's beak, is the only hard part of their body. This enables them to squeeze through very narrow slits between underwater rocks, which is very helpful when they are fleeing from morays or other predatory fish.
Photo of an octopus taken by Elinor. D at Frankfurt Zoo on 9 April 2007
The cephalopod class of mollusks, particularly cuttlefish, squid and octopuses, are considered the most intelligent invertebrates and an important example of advanced cognitive evolution in animals. Cephalopod intelligence has an important comparative aspect, because it relies on a nervous system fundamentally different from that of vertebrates. • impressive spatial learning capacity • navigational abilities Navigate mazes • predatory techniques HUNT Climb on board fishing boats…
In laboratory experiments, octopuses can be readily trained to distinguish between different shapes and patterns. Octopuses have also been observed in what some have described as play: repeatedly releasing bottles or toys into a circular current in their aquariums and then catching them. Octopuses often break out of their aquariums
Dexterity, a trait essential for tool use and manipulation is also found in cephalopods.
The giant Pacific octopus or North Pacific giant octopus Large – up to 165 pounds…reported up to 600 lbs. Most - ~ 30 lbs, 14 ft arm span Eats - shrimp, crabs, scallops, abalone, clams, and fish.
http: //www. flickr. com/photos/a_semenov/5954306314/
Giant jellyfish
To the delight of divers, and to the chagrin of fishermen, the swarms of giant Echizen kurage jellyfish (Nomura’s jellyfish) that invade the coast of the Sea of Japan each autumn are back. These photos were taken 5 meters underwater just offshore from the coastal town of Echizen in Fukui prefecture, where the jellyfish mobs began to arrive about a month later than normal. Manabu Nakamata, a 38 -year-old diver from Nagoya and an admirer of the monster jellyfish, says, “They are surprisingly hard to the touch. They are big, and extremely impressive. ” Big indeed — Echizen kurage can grow up to 2 meters (6 ft. 7 in. ) in diameter and weigh up to 200 kilograms (440 lb. ) each.
The local fishermen, however, are not impressed. Each year, the giant jellyfish wreak havoc on the fishing industry by destroying nets and crushing, poisoning and sliming other fish in the catches. In the latest move in the war on jellyfish, Fukui prefecture is developing new and efficient weapons designed to pulverize those that threaten their shores.
A Phronima amphipod
Salp
Skeleton shrimp are marine crustaceans of the order Caprellida. -threadlike slender body which allows them virtually to disappear among the fine filaments of seaweed, hydroids and bryozoans. -Most species are predators, some are filter feeders. They remain motionless for long periods of time while waiting to ambush their prey, often protozoa or small worms. -Females of some species of skeleton shrimp kill the males after mating, using venom injected by a venomous claw.
Cymothoa exigua (AKA - tongue-eating louse)
- Slides: 35