Scottish International Policing Conference 2017 Policing and Professionalisation

Scottish International Policing Conference 2017 Policing and Professionalisation: Opportunities and Challenges Edinburgh 14 December 2017 Building Police Professionalism: the Exchange of Capacity between International and Domestic Policing Forums Dr Georgina Sinclair www. stratexint. com

Outline § International Policing & ‘Exchange of Capacity’? § Research Agenda 2009 to present § Benefits & Value for UK policing § Benefits & Value for policing in Scotland § Building police professionalism through capacity exchange

Exchange of Capacity? § International Policing is not a one-way process § Complex exchange between multiple stakeholders § Police, military & civilian personnel (Goldsmith, 2006) § Positive/negative effects first described as reverse capacity-building (Goldsmith & Harris, 2009) § ‘the impact [of the policing experience] upon personnel from donor countries who have engaged in assisting national development elsewhere’ and the ‘potential consequences for domestic policing’ § Exchange of capacity – complexity of police interactions is a two-way process

International Policing Research Agenda § Data drawn from interviews – 250 + UK Officers 2009 – 2017 § Wide range of EU, UN & Bi-lateral missions § Research parallels findings Australia, Canada, Germany, France & Italy § Benefits of international missions far outweigh limitations § Value demonstrated for local communities, police officers and UK policing

The UK Context Benefits/Value? Policing Police Officers Local Communities Career Education Enablement Resilience Problem Solving Opportunity Networking Diversity Motivation Nurture Leadership & Management Professionalism Improved Policing Skills Independence Negotiate & Influence Working with Others Cultural Awareness Understanding Communities Proud to Police in UK Improved Policing Skills ‘New’ Perspectives on Policing in UK Community Engagement Problem Solving Building Partnerships Multi – Agency Approach to Policing Cultural Understanding Soft Skills Dialogue Youth Gender & Diversity

Police Scotland & International Development § 76 deployments 2017 supporting national & international strategy § E. g. Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Qatar, Malawi, Zambia, Rwanda, Kenya, Uganda, Anguilla, Ethiopia, India, Namibia, Jamaica, Grand Cayman, Greece … § Delivering training & development § Building national/international partnerships § Developing officers & staff through international activities § International deployments widely supported divisional command

The Scottish Context - Benefits/Value? Policing Police Officers Local Communities Localism Learning Communities Knowledge Transfer Problem Solving Opportunity Open Mindedness Diversity Motivation Vision Leadership & Management Professionalism Broaden Policing Horizon Independence Empathy Communication Skills Cultural Awareness/Sensitivity Understanding Diversity Renewed Enthusiasm Confidence ‘New’ Perspectives on Policing Scotland Local Community Engagement Risk Awareness Problem Solving Building Community Partnerships Cultural Understanding Soft Skills Vulnerable Communities Sexual & Gender-Based Violence Dealing with Challenges

Concluding Observations § UK data demonstrates exchange of capacity (‘knowledge’) between ‘international’ & ‘local’ police § Professional development/personal growth § Focus on community/stakeholder engagement § Foundation ‘lessons learned’ & ‘best practice’ § Building police professionalism through career development/enhanced skills sets