Scientific Other Name Sus scrofa common names swine

� Scientific �Other Name – Sus scrofa common names – swine, porcine � Monogastric Digestive System (single stomach) � Boar – male pig � Sow – mature female after she has given birth � Litter Size 8 -12 � Gilt – immature female pig � Barrow – castrated male pig � Piglet – baby pig

� Gestation – 114 -(118 days) – 3 months, 3 weeks, 3 days � Estrus Cycle – 21 days � Body Temperature – 102 degrees farenheit � Lactation – (21)-28 days � Farrowing – sow giving birth (parturition) � Average Daily Gain – approximately 2 lbs. per day. (gilts 1. 7 – barrows 1. 8+) � Feeder Pig – 50 -60 lb pig ready to move into the finishing phase.

� Condition – measurement of body fat on breeding stock animals � Finish – measurement of body fat on market animals (typically measured between the 12 th and 13 th rib – called backfat) � Ideal backfat on a market hog is ½ inch � Porcine Stress Syndrome (PSS) – genetic condition that results in pigs that are very easily stressed sometimes even to the point of death � PSE – Pale, Soft and Exudative – condition of meat from swine that have been stressed shortly prior to slaughter.

� Paternal traits (father, sire, terminal) �Fast growth rate �Heavy muscling �Efficient Feed Conversion � Maternal �Large traits litter size (prolific) �Heavy milk production �Strong mothering instincts (docile)

� Diagrams �Parts (27) �Bones (24) �Wholesale Cuts (5) �Ear Notching (10)

� How would piglets behave on a sow with lactation failure? � What are the two leading countries of pork production? � Who is the leading country of pork consumption per capita? � What are two reasons a producer should clip needle teeth? � What are three things that a producer “should” during piglet processing? � What are a couple of congenital defects seen in piglets?

� What age do gilts reach puberty? � What width should an ally be to move pigs? � What weight would be considered underweight and disadvantaged at birth? � Why is it important to examine the scrotum before castration? (two reason) � When should boars be castrated? � What is the average neonatal mortality? � Define neonatal � Define congenital defect

� Define the term cryptorchid � What should be done with piglets that are splay legged both front and rear? � What tools are required to process piglets? � What tool is helpful when moving hogs? � What temperature should it be in the farrowing room? � What tool can be used to restrain a pig? � Name three ways a piglet would be considered disadvantaged?

� What disease of piglets is caused by a Staph infection? � What are important characteristics to evaluate when selecting replacement gilts. � List and describe three phases of the swine industry. � Name two ways that a producer can help make sure colostrum is more evenly available to all piglets. � What are the two leading causes of piglet mortality?

� Explain how the feeding systems of a gestating sow and a market hog are different and why? � Explain what PEDv is and its current impact on the swine industry.