Scientific discoveries GERMANY POLAND FRANCE ITALY ROMANIA SPAIN
- Slides: 6
Scientific discoveries GERMANY POLAND FRANCE ITALY ROMANIA SPAIN GREECE TURKEY
POLAND Mikolaj Kopernik (in medieval latin Nicolaus Copernicus) was a Polish astronomer famous for his heliocentric theory. He was also a doctor, a lawyer, a governor and a canonic. In 1491 Kopernik entered the University of Cracow and studied astronomy. Four Years later he went to Italy where he studied law in Bologna. His most important work "De Revolutionibus orbium coelestium" Sums up all his studies dealing with the movement of objects in the sky and it can be considered the announcement of the heliocentric theory against the previous geocentric theory of Ptolomeus. According to a legend he received the first copy of his work the day he died.
GERMANY John Kepler was born in Germany in 1571. He devoted himself to astronomy and expressed the famous three laws that dealt with the study of the orbits. He became a mathematician of the imperial court in Prague, but was kicked out because he was a Protestant. He lived in Poland where he published "tabulae Rudolphianae" based on the heliocentric motion of the planets.
ITALY Galileo Galilei (1564 -1642) has been an Italian physicist, mathematician and astronomer but also a philosopher. He made lots of discoveries and inventions and he also formulated many theories that influenced philosophy and religion. He is the inventor of a lot of instruments that now we use all over the world like the hydrostatic balance and thermoscope. Then he studied the parabolic movement of projectiles. The most important and revolutionary invention is the one of the telescope. With that instrument he could study the Universe through astronomical observations. With that instrument he proved the Copernican theory about planets and heliocentrism.
FRANCE Descartes was born in 1596 in La Haye. He studied in “La Flèche” college where he was given the French education. In the July of 1619, Descartes travelled to Frankfurt, where he witnessed Ferdinand II’s coronation. He was there during the celebrations, but then the Thirty Years’ War broke out again and Descartes enlisted in Maximilian of Bavaria’s troop and spent the winter in Neuburg, that he left in 1620. In the Autumn of 1622, he set off to go to Loreto, Rome, Florence (where he met Galileo Galilei) and at last Venice, to deepen his culture.
FRANCE Leonardo Da Vinci went to France because Francesco I gave him the board as "premier peintre architecte et mechanicien du roi". Leonardo brought to France with him some paintings he had started to paint in Florence and lot of his notebooks. There he studied hydraulic engineering and sketched plans for a new royal residence. Leonardo worked as architect in the building of the castle of Amboise too. There he devoted himself in the anatomy; in that period he painted lot of paintings about the end of the world. In the codes, still now preserved in Paris, Leonardo talked about: military art, optics, geometry and the flight of birds.
