Scientific Agriculture By the 16 th century population

Scientific Agriculture • By the 16 th century, population was increasing in Europe, and agricultural production was again expanding. • By the late 1800 s, steam power was frequently used to replace animal power in drawing plows and in operating threshing machinery. • Science and technology developed for industrial purposes were carried over into agriculture, eventually resulting in the agribusinesses of the mid-20 th century. • In the 20 th century steam, gasoline, diesel, and electric power came into wide use. • Industrial Agriculture introduced

1960 - 1980 • No-tillage agriculture popularized • More farmers used no-till or low-till methods to curb erosion

1980 -1990 • More farmers began to use low-input sustainable agriculture (LISA) techniques to decrease chemical applications – Organic Farming introduced • Agricultural Automation introduced

Agricultural Automation • • • Precision agriculture and information technology Site-specific management: the application of information technology to crop production Possible adoption of precision agriculture for developing countries at the threshold of the new millennium The impact of farm management on value of management information systems Ethics in computer software design and development Instrumentation and control Computers and electronics in postharvest technology Introduction of electronics into milking technology Developments in indoor sustainable plant production with emphasis on energy saving Integrated control of agricultural tractors and implements Biosensors developments and potential applications in the agricultural diagnosis sector Modelling

Outlook for agricultural engineering in Developing countries • shift the historical emphasis from 'on-farm mechanization' to the development and application of new innovations using onfarm agricultural automation AND off-farm industries