SCIENCE SKILLS Chapter Two Science Skills 2 1

Chapter Two: Science Skills Ø 2. 1 Mass and Volume Ø 2. 2 Density

2. 3 Graphing Ø A graph is a visual way to organize data. Ø

2. 3 Graphing Ø A bar graph compares data grouped by a name or

2. 3 Graphing Ø A pie graph shows the amount each part makes of

2. 3 Graphing Ø A “connect-the-dots” line graph is often used to show trends

2. 3 How to make an XY graph ØScatterplots show a change in one

2. 3 How to make an XY graph ØPressure is critical to safe diving.

2. 3 How to make an XY graph 1. Choose x and y-axis Ø

2. 3 Identifying graph relationships ØIn a direct relationship, when one variable increases, so

2. 3 Identifying graph relationships ØWhen there is no relationship the graph looks like

2. 3 Identifying graph relationships ØIn an inverse relationship, when one variable increases, the

2. 3 Reading a graph What is the speed of the car at 50

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SCIENCE SKILLS

Chapter Two: Science Skills Ø 2. 1 Mass and Volume Ø 2. 2 Density Ø 2. 3 Graphing Ø 2. 4 Solving Problems

2. 3 Graphing Ø A graph is a visual way to organize data. Ø A scatterplot or XY graph is used to see if two variables are related.

2. 3 Graphing Ø A bar graph compares data grouped by a name or category.

2. 3 Graphing Ø A pie graph shows the amount each part makes of up of the whole (100%).

2. 3 Graphing Ø A “connect-the-dots” line graph is often used to show trends in data over time.

2. 3 How to make an XY graph ØScatterplots show a change in one variable influences another variable. ØThe independent variable is the variable you believe might influence another variable. ØThe dependent variable is the variable that you hope will change as a result of the experiment.

2. 3 How to make an XY graph ØPressure is critical to safe diving. ØHow does an increase in depth affect the pressure? ØWhat sort of graph would best show the relationship between pressure and depth?

2. 3 How to make an XY graph 1. Choose x and y-axis Ø Depth is the independent variable = x axis Ø Pressure is the dependent variable = y axis 2. Make a scale Ø Most graphs use ones, twos, fives or tens Ø OR calculate the value per box 3. Plot your data 4. Create a title * Exception- when time is a variable

2. 3 Identifying graph relationships ØIn a direct relationship, when one variable increases, so does the other. The speed and distance variables show a direct relationship.

2. 3 Identifying graph relationships ØWhen there is no relationship the graph looks like a collection of dots. No pattern appears.

2. 3 Identifying graph relationships ØIn an inverse relationship, when one variable increases, the other decreases.

2. 3 Reading a graph What is the speed of the car at 50 cm? 1. Find the known value on the x axis Ø Position = 50 cm 2. Draw a line vertically upward from 50 cm until it hits the curve. 3. Draw a line across horizontally to the yaxis from the same place on the curve. 4. Read the speed using the y axis scale. Ø Speed = 76 cm/s