Science Skills Chapter 1 What is science The

What is science? • The word science comes from the Latin word scire meaning

Branches of Physical Science • CHEMISTRY • PHYSICS • The study of the •

• An organized plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating information • Scientific knowledge

1. Making Observations Information obtained through one’s senses. Ex. West Nile Virus in South

2. Forming a Hypothesis • A proposed or possible answer to a question or

• • 3. Testing the Hypothesis Experimentation A controlled experiment always has two

2 types of variables • MANIPULATED • The variable that causes a change in

Theories and Laws • After experimentation, data needs to be interpreted and a conclusion

Scientific Notation • A shorthand method for writing very large or very small numbers.

• The present version of the metric system is known as the SI

Base units vs Derived units • Base units • Derived units • 7 basic

• kilo (k) = • deci (d) = • centi (c) = •

Conversion Factor • A ratio of equivalent measurements that is used to convert a

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Science Skills Chapter 1

What is science? • The word science comes from the Latin word scire meaning “to know”

Branches of science

Branches of Physical Science • CHEMISTRY • PHYSICS • The study of the • The study of matter makeup, structure, and energy, and characteristics, and how they interact reactions of matter. with each other.

• An organized plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating information • Scientific knowledge leads to new technology and vice-versa

1. Making Observations Information obtained through one’s senses. Ex. West Nile Virus in South Dakota

2. Forming a Hypothesis • A proposed or possible answer to a question or problem.

• • 3. Testing the Hypothesis Experimentation A controlled experiment always has two parts: 1. Control group 2. Experimental group

2 types of variables • MANIPULATED • The variable that causes a change in another variable • Also known as the independent variable • RESPONDING • The variable that changes in response to the manipulated variable. • Also known as the dependent variable.

Theories and Laws • After experimentation, data needs to be interpreted and a conclusion is drawn. • Theory : A well-tested explanation for a set of observations or experimental results • Law : A statement accepted as true that describes phenomena in the natural world.

Scientific Notation • A shorthand method for writing very large or very small numbers. • Examples: Ø 300, 000 ? Ø 3. 0 x 108 Ø 0. 000821 ? Ø 8. 1 x 10 -4 Ø Example problems on page 15

• The present version of the metric system is known as the SI system. • Why is the SI system easier to use in science than the old English system? • It is based on the number 10. • See seven metric units on page 16 Fig 13

Base units vs Derived units • Base units • Derived units • 7 basic units used to identify quantities. • See page 16 • A combination of two or more base units • Examples: 1. Density g/cm 3

• kilo (k) = • deci (d) = • centi (c) = • milli (m) = 103 -1 10 -2 10 -3 10

Conversion Factor • A ratio of equivalent measurements that is used to convert a quantity of one unit to another. Example: • On board convert 83, 470 mm into km.