Science Chapter 8 9 Study Guide Vocabulary Soil

Science Chapter 8 -9 Study Guide

Vocabulary �Soil, minerals, air, water, and coal are all examples of natural resources. �The remains of animals and plants can undergo heat and pressure over time to form fossil fuels. �Oil, natural gas, and call are called nonrenewable resources because they care not easy to replace. �Conservation is the efficient use of resources.

�Using a resource from one item to make another item is called recycling. �Fossil fuels is the use of an item that results in pollution, smog, acid rain, and global warming. �Wind, moving water, and sunlight are examples of an alternative type of energy. �Decayed organic material that is added to soil is know as humus.

�Turning the heat down before going to bed is an example of reducing. �Solar energy can be used to reduce the use of fossil fuels because solar energy can be used to heat homes, make electricity, power calculators and road signs. �Famers can use contour plowing to prevent soil erosion. The curved rows help prevent soil erosion by slowing water that is moving down hill.

�Trash is covered with plastic or clay in a landfill to keep materials in the waste from polluting the ground and the water supply. �A body of air that has about the same moisture and temperature throughout what is called an air mass. �Ocean currents are moving streams of water created by winds that blow across the ocean.

�A weather front is the boundary between two air masses that differ in their temperature and moisture. �The annual temperature in a certain region is 20 degrees Celsius, and this area receives 15 inches of rain. This information describes the region’s climate. �When two air masses meet, which of they form a front.

�The best definition for atmosphere is the mixture of gases surrounding the earth. �Most of Earth’s atmosphere is made up of oxygen and nitrogen. �The climate of locations close to Earth’s equator is best described as tropical. �Rain usually falls on the windward side of the mountain range, where moist air is forced to rise.

�Winds are caused by the rising of warm air and the sinking of cool air. �The “m” in the air mass abbreviation m. P stands for Maritime. �A barometer, anemometer, and rain gauge all are used to measure weather conditions.