School WASH Overview Yohannes Wogasso School Improvement Program

School WASH Overview Yohannes Wogasso School Improvement Program Directorate • June 18, 2019 Addis Ababa 1

PRESENTATION OUTLINE The Importance of SWASH Background School Wa. SH in ESDP V (GTP II) Status of WASH in Schools (Win. S) Main Achievements School WASH Major Challenges 2

Why Wa. SH in Schools (Win. S) is important? 3

WHY IS WASH IN SCHOOLS IMPORTANT? Every child around the world deserves an opportunity to learn in a safe and healthy/clean environment. Reduce student absence Visible increase in student’s enrollment and reduction in drop-out rates. Improve (increase) nutritional status or (decrease malnutrition rate) Students perform better Invests in life-long positive skills Reduce soil-transmitted helminthic infection, diarrheal diseases and acute respiratory infection Reduce child mortality and develop healthy and productive generation. Address issues of gender and socio-economic equity 4

WASH IN SCHOOL BOOSTS ATTENDANCE AND ACHIEVEMENT Economic growth Improved Wa. SH Increased performance Less disease Increase attendance 5

BACKGROUND • Ethiopian school WASH has been a sector agenda since recent years, and the country has moved forward in terms of creating understanding among key stakeholders on the health risks associated with lack of access to WASH and influencing sector actors to walk the talk. • The 2012 National WASH Inventory was the eye opener as it has put light on the level of schools’ access to improved water supply and sanitation. • Results of the inventory showed that only 32% of the schools had access to improved water supply, and only 34% of the schools had access to improved toilet facilities whereas the majority of the schools have traditional pit • In 2012, consensus was reached among key stakeholders on the importance of giving more attention to school WASH, where education sector has taken up the leadership role. • The Ministry of Education has received leadership on the development of WASH in Schools in accordance with the Memorandum of Understanding signed among the key WASH ministries, donors and CSO representatives in 2012.

Continue…. . • In 2013, Institutional WASH (school WASH; health facility WASH) was addressed as one component of the One WASH National Program Document (Program Operation Manual, 2013). • Since recent years the Mo. E has taken the leadership roles where considerable efforts have been made to institutionalize WASH in Schools. • Program management units have been established within the ministry at federal level and its line bureaus at regional levels. • Nevertheless, specific mechanism for coordinating WASH in Schools with other sectors has not yet been materialized at all levels down to the woreda level because of lack of full time staffs both at zonal and woreda levels.

Wa. SH in ESDP V (GTP II) Education Sector A. Wa. SH Focus Area • In 2015, the Mo. E began full implementation of the One WASH (WASH: Water Sanitation and Hygiene) strategy to improve school health through adequate supply of water and sanitation facilities. • Providing basic WASH facilities in pre-primary settings, primary and secondary schools as per the standards agreed in line with the One WASH national strategy • Developing and Distributing standard package of ‘emergency’ teaching and learning materials, including WASH B. Targets • Efforts will seek to ensure full access, based on accepted quality standards, to water and sanitation facilities in all educational institutions.

STATUS OF WASH IN SCHOOLS Total Number of schools in Ethiopia on 2017 Number of schools 40, 000 38, 023 34, 867 35, 000 30, 000 25, 000 20, 000 15, 000 10, 000 3, 156 5, 000 - Primary schools Secondary schools Water availability in P +S schools by 2017 Yes 23, 454 (62%) No 14, 569 Without (38%) 19, 839 Total All type of Latrines in P+S schools by 2017 Yes 32, 753 (86%) No 5, 270 (14%) Types of latrines in P+S schools by 2017 Improved 15, 246 (46%) Traditional 17, 507 (54%)

HAND WASH SITUATION IN 34, 867 PRIMARY SCHOOLS Functionality of HWFs Schools with hand wash facilities Yes 7, 909 (21 %) No 878 (11 %) Yes 7, 031 (89%) No 30, 114 (79 %) Availability of soap with HWF Yes 2, 294 (29 %) No 5, 615 (71 %)

WASH in School (Win. S) Main Achievements q School WASH is incorporated as cross cutting issue in ESDP V for the first time. q School WASH Minimum Package indicators are adopted and incorporated in Education Management Information System (EMIS) in 2015. q Evidences showed that there is paramount reduction in drop-out rates specifically girls due to creating access to girls friendly WASH facilities. q Develop School WASH Manuals for pre-primary, primary and secondary schools Ø Design and Construction Manual Ø SWASH Management and Operation and Maintenance manuals & also q Develop, the 1 st ever document in education sector, National School Wa. SH Strategy, Guideline and different Implementation Toolkits/Training Manuals.

Continue. . . . q School Wa. SH Strategy, and Guideline documents are endorsed and distributed to all regions, WASH sector Ministries and NGOs and other relevant stakeholders. Ø Both documents are launched in the presence of governmental , NGO and different stakeholders. Ø Training of Trainers (To. T) is given to regional education bureau WASH specialists and relevant staffs. Ø Cascading training is given by REB WASH Specialists to Zonal and Woreda education offic. Ø Translation of the guideline and strategy documents are done q Establishment of Wa. SH Program Management Unit (PMU) at Federal Ministry of Education and Regional Education Bureaus in all regions. q Sector wide awareness creation on school WASH is done. Thus, Wa. SH program has gotten ownership in the Education Sector. q One plan, One Budget and one Report system (OWNO-CWA) is declared and currently in use.

ONE WASH-CWA PROGRAM • Capacity Building: Nearly 37, 618 participants were trained in different topics related to implementation of School Wa. SH program from Regional, Zonal, Woreda and School level • Water Supply: Cumulatively, 1, 419 different new water schemes are constructed and rehabilitated up to this 3 rd quarter. • Sanitation: About 2, 525 new latrines and hand washing facilities are constructed and rehabilitated up to this 3 rd quarter. • School Beneficiaries: With regard to the number of school beneficiaries, a total of 3, 287 schools are benefited both from water supply schemes and sanitation facilities up to this 3 rd quarter. • Staffing (Mo. E): Ministry of Education has recruited 3 Wa. SH consultants (1 Public Health specialist, 1 water supply specialist and 1 monitoring and evaluation specialist). • Staffing (Regions): With regard to regions, overall, fourteen technical specialists (7 hygiene and sanitation specialists, 6 water supply and 1 monitoring & evaluation specialists) are recruited across all regions.

HIGHLIGHT ON SWASH STRATEGY

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE 1: BY 2020, ACHIEVE THE PROVISION OF SAFE AND ADEQUATE IMPROVED SCHOOL WATER SUPPLY FOR ALL • Increase proportion of primary schools using drinking water from improved water sources available at the school from the baseline 38. 4% to 80% • Increase proportion of secondary schools using drinking water from improved water sources available at the school from the baseline 63% to 100% • Increase proportion of schools that conduct bacteriological water quality test from the baseline to 50% • Decrease proportion of non functionality rate of water supply system in primary schools from the baseline 19% to 5% • Decrease proportion of non functionality rate of water supply system in secondary schools from the baseline 10% to 0%

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE 2: BY 2020, ACHIEVE ACCESS TO ADEQUATE AND EQUITABLE IMPROVED SCHOOL SANITATION FOR ALL WHICH ARE SAFE, CHILD, DISABILITY AND GENDER SENSITIVE • Increase proportion of primary schools with access to improved latrines from 38. 6% to 80%. • Increase proportion of secondary schools with access to improved latrines from 54. 3% to 100%. • Increase proportion of open defecation free schools from the baseline 18% to 82% • Increase proportion of schools with proper waste management service (solid and hazardous, etc. ) from the baseline to 80% • Increase proportion of schools with proper liquid waste management service from the baseline to 80% • Increase proportion of schools latrines emptied and properly disposed from the baseline to 50%.

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE 3: BY 2020, ACHIEVE ACCESS TO HYGIENE SERVICES AND PROMOTE BASIC HYGIENE BEHAVIOR/PRACTICE. • Increase proportion of schools with hand washing facilities with soap and water available from the baseline 20. 8% to 80% • Increase proportion of schools with menstrual hygiene management facilities with soap and water from the baseline to 100% • Increase proportion of students practicing hand washing with soap/substitute at all critical times from the baseline to 85%. • Increase the proportion of adolescent students practicing proper menstrual hygiene management from the baseline to 100%.

STRATEGIC OBJECTIVE 4: BY 2020, CREATE ENABLING ENVIRONMENT FOR SCHOOL WASH PROGRAM • Establish school WASH structure from federal to school level. • Develop school WASH implementation guidelines, design and construction and training manuals • Human resource development and capacity building • Strengthen monitoring and evaluation, learning and research

SCHOOL WASH MAJOR CHALLENGES Gap of understanding on the impact of WASH on education No public budget allocation specifically for School WASH program except Matching Funds No Government Institutional Structure except CWA-Project staffs in relation to school WASH program at all level. Low budget allocation/proportion to construct Full Package WASH Facilities at school level- in terms of CWA program Lack of Zonal WASH structure for CWA Program specially for big regions Late disbursement of budget from Development partners to Mo. F and from Mo. F to Bo. FED (CWA) High turnover of SWa. SH focal persons and as well as Wa. SH Consultants due to benefit package Weak integration with water sector offices on the construction of school water supply schemes 19

Thank You!! 20