School Segregation History Notes 14 1 School Segregation

School Segregation • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): • “separate but equal” • all segregation

School Segregation • Mendez v. Westminster (1946): • CA court ends segregation of Latinos

School Segregation • Sweatt v. Painter (1950): • Texas Law School must admit blacks

School Segregation • Brown v. Board of Education (1954): • Supreme Court ends segregation

School Segregation • Resistance to Brown • Southern states keep schools segregated • Only

College Integration • University of Alabama (1956) • Autherine Lucy fails to integrate Univ.

College Integration • Video: James Meredith and Ole Miss “I will do everything in

College Integration • University of Mississippi (1962) • Governor stops James Meredith from attending

Elementary and High Schools • Little Rock Nine (1957) • Nine black students attempt

Elementary and High Schools • Little Rock Nine (1957) • President Eisenhower uses National

Elementary and High Schools • Little Rock Nine (1957) • Whites shutdown public school

Elementary and High Schools • Ruby Bridges (1960) • Bridges integrates Louisiana school •

Elementary and High Schools • Plyler v. Doe (1982) • Children of undocumented immigrants

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School Segregation History Notes 14 -1

School Segregation • Plessy v. Ferguson (1896): • “separate but equal” • all segregation by race is legal

School Segregation • Mendez v. Westminster (1946): • CA court ends segregation of Latinos • CA governor Earl Warren ends all school segregation • Audio NPR – Latino USA

Video: Case against Jim Crow (PBS)

School Segregation • Sweatt v. Painter (1950): • Texas Law School must admit blacks

Brown v. Board of Education • Video

School Segregation • Brown v. Board of Education (1954): • Supreme Court ends segregation of all school children (Kills Plessy v. Ferguson) • Southern states refuse to comply

Resistance to Brown decision

School Segregation • Resistance to Brown • Southern states keep schools segregated • Only 3 states will integrate schools

College Integration • University of Alabama (1956) • Autherine Lucy fails to integrate Univ. • White students riot, Lucy is expelled • Video

College Integration

College Integration • Video: James Meredith and Ole Miss “I will do everything in my power to prevent integration in our schools” – Governor Ross Barnett

College Integration • University of Mississippi (1962) • Governor stops James Meredith from attending • President Kennedy sends U. S. Marshalls to escort Meredith to class

College Integration

Elementary and High Schools • Little Rock Nine (1957) • Nine black students attempt to integrate Central High School • School and a mob stop integration

Elementary and High Schools • Little Rock Nine (1957) • President Eisenhower uses National Guard to force integration for one year • Video

Elementary and High Schools • Little Rock Nine (1957) • Whites shutdown public school system to avoid integration

Elementary and High Schools • Ruby Bridges (1960) • Bridges integrates Louisiana school • Video Link

Elementary and High Schools • Plyler v. Doe (1982) • Children of undocumented immigrants have right to public education • Video