School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Single

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Single Antenna Geo-location Based on Signal Structure (Free space Radio Signals) Elad Tzoreff, Ben-Zion Bobrovsky, Anthony J. Weiss 1

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Background: Common Geo-location methods Direction of Arrival (DOA) Time Difference of Arrival (TDOA) Differential Doppler (DDOP) Received Signal Strength (RSS) Finger Printing Combinations of the above 2

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University TDOA RSS DDOP 3 DOA

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Common Geo-location methods Multiple sensors Synchronization between sensors Communication between sensors Synch beacon All these mean: Complex system architecture Expensive support systems sensors 4

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University We are interested in simplifying geolocation system, but how? 5

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Observation Most radars are periodic or at least predictable: 6

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Digital Communication Signals Communication Carrier is periodic Communication symbols appear periodically Communication synch frame appear periodically Spreading code is periodic 7

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Basic Idea and Advantages Use a single moving receiver for location 8 Low cost Low weight Easy to hide (small, passive, moving) Simple to implement No synch. between sites No data link between sites Can enhance existing system

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Potential Platforms UAV 9 Localization shell

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Localization Based on Signal Structure 10

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University TDOA Lines of Position 11

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University The LOPs Associated with DTOA 12

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University DDOP Lines of Position 13

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University LOPs Associated with DDOP 14

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Potential Obstacles Transmitter Oscillator instability Receiver clock instability Receiver Position inaccuracy TDOA/DDOP measurements errors (Noise, BW, Multipath) Transmitted signal is too short 15

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Oscillator Imperfection Timing Errors 16

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Oscillator Instability Timing error • Voltage controlled • Temp. compensated • Oven compensated 17 h = Random error intensity

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Simulation Results Sensor trajectory 6 Km Signal period 10 ms Sensor speed 300 m/s 18

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Heat Map straight trajectory 19

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Heat Map Curved Trajectory 20

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University At High SNR Accuracy is Limited by Oscillator Instability 21

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University The Slower the Receiver Moved the Larger the error 22

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University For Good Oscillators the Accuracy is Determined by SNR 23

School of Electrical Engineering Tel Aviv University Thank you, Questions, Comments or remarks? 24