SCHEMA THEORY Presented by Maumita Paul Roll No

SCHEMA THEORY Presented by Maumita Paul Roll No. : 28 B. Ed Semester-I

DEFINITION OF SCHEMA • A SCHEMA IS AN ORGANISED UNIT OF KNOWLEDGE FOR A SUBJECT OR EVENT. • SCHEMA THEORY IS A BRANCH OF COGNITIVE SCIENCE CONCERNED WITH HOW THE BRAIN STRUCTURES KNOWLEDGE.

MAJOR RESEARCHERS • F. C. BARTLETT: PROCEDURAL MEMORY. • JEAN PIAGET: CREDITED AS FIRST TO CREATE A COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY WHICH INCLUDED SCHEMAS. • DAVID RUMELHART: UNDERLYING GRAMMAR OF STORIES. • ROGER SCHANK AND ABELSON. • BREWER AND TREYENS. • ALBA AND HASHER. • JOHN R. ANDERSON: ACT-R

CHRACTERISTICS OF SCHEMAS • SCHEMAS ARE DYNAMIC. • SCHEMAS GUIDE HOW WE INTERPRET NEW INFORMATION. • SCHEMAS STORE BOTH DECLARATIVE AND PROCEDURAL INFORMATION. • SCHEMAS ALLOWS WRITERS AND SPEAKERS TO MAKE ASSUMPTIONS ABOUT WHAT THE READER OR LISTENER ALREADY KNOWS.

HOW IS SCHEMA ACTIVATED? • TOP-DOWN OR CONCEPTUALLY DRIVEN: WHOLE TO PARTS • BOTTOM-UP OR DATA DRIVEN: PARTS TO WHOLE

TYPES OF SCHEMA • • • SOCIAL SCHEMA IDEOLOGICAL SCHEMA FORMAL SCHEMA LINGUISTIC SCHEMA CONTENT SCHEMA

SCHEMA THEORY AND EDUCATION • EDUCATIONAL PSYCHOLOGIST RICHARD ANDERSON IS ACCREDITED WITH HAVING INTRODUCED SCHEMA THEORY INTO THE EDUCATIONAL COMMUNITY IN 1977. • SCHEMA CAN BE THOUGHT OF AS ASSIMILATION , AND SCHEMA CHANGE AS ACCOMODATION OF KNOWLEDGE. • IN CURRENT SCHEMA THEORY, READING IS CONSIDERED AS AN INTERACTIVE PROCESS BETWEEN THE READERS BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE AND THE TEXT.

OTHER PERSPECTIVES • SCHEMA AND ADULT LEARNING AND DEVELOPMENT • SCHEMA AND GENDER • SCHEMA AND CULTURE • SCHEMA THEORY AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE.

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