Schedules of Reinforcement Lesson 15 Schedules of RFT

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Schedules of Reinforcement Lesson 15

Schedules of Reinforcement Lesson 15

Schedules of RFT Frequency of RFT after response is important n Continuous RFT l

Schedules of RFT Frequency of RFT after response is important n Continuous RFT l RFT after each response l Fast Acquisition l shaping n Partial RFT after only some responses l Conditions set ~ n

Partial Schedule of RFT Do not reinforce every response l Slower acquisition l start

Partial Schedule of RFT Do not reinforce every response l Slower acquisition l start CRF shift to partial n Different patterns of RFT produce different patterns of responding l Cumulative response curves l steeper curve higher operant strength l e. g. , higher motivation ~ n

Cumulative Response Curve higher operant strength number of responses lower operant strength Time

Cumulative Response Curve higher operant strength number of responses lower operant strength Time

Typical RFT Patterns Ratio l RFT after certain number of responses n Interval l

Typical RFT Patterns Ratio l RFT after certain number of responses n Interval l RFT after certain time interval n Fixed l Same ratio or interval each time n Variable l Average ratio or interval ~ n

n patterns of RFT are combined Fixed Variable Ratio FR VR Interval FI VI

n patterns of RFT are combined Fixed Variable Ratio FR VR Interval FI VI

Schedules produce different response rates n In general… l Ratio > Interval l Variable

Schedules produce different response rates n In general… l Ratio > Interval l Variable > Fixed l VR = highest ~

Ratio patterns of response Animal controls RFT l faster responses faster RFT n Fixed

Ratio patterns of response Animal controls RFT l faster responses faster RFT n Fixed Ratio l high ratio (FR 50) hi response rate n upause after each RFT u. Why? l Low ratio (FR 5) lower response rate steady ~

Fixed Ratio Response Patterns FR 50 number of responses FR 5 Time

Fixed Ratio Response Patterns FR 50 number of responses FR 5 Time

Variable Ratio RFT after average of X responses n VR 10 = RFT after

Variable Ratio RFT after average of X responses n VR 10 = RFT after 7 responses n 21 responses 30 responses l 3 RFTs in 30 responses = 10 avg. n High, steady rate of response l why? n Give an example of humans on VR ~

VR FR 50 number of responses FR 5 Time

VR FR 50 number of responses FR 5 Time

Interval Patterns of Response n n RFT when R made after a period of

Interval Patterns of Response n n RFT when R made after a period of time l Experimenter controls RFT Fixed Interval l e. g. , FI 30 l Scalloping uslower responding after RFT uspeeds up as nears time for RFT Human example? Why? ~ l n

Interval Patterns of Response Variable Interval l RFT for response after avg. of X

Interval Patterns of Response Variable Interval l RFT for response after avg. of X seconds l e. g. VI 30 l Slow, steady responding n Human example? What if they checked on FI schedule? ~ n

Variable Interval FI number of responses VI Time

Variable Interval FI number of responses VI Time

Differential Schedules n DRH Differential RFT of high rates of responding High rate RFT

Differential Schedules n DRH Differential RFT of high rates of responding High rate RFT l Low rate extinction or punishment l Time limit/deadline n DRL l Differential RFT of low rates of responding l l Set interval between response Early B no RFT, timer reset ~

Differential Schedules Pacing schedules l too slow/fast no RFT, punishment n DRO n u.

Differential Schedules Pacing schedules l too slow/fast no RFT, punishment n DRO n u. Differential RFT of Other Behavior RFT of any B other than target B l Used along with punishment n DRI l u. Differential l RFT of Incompatible Behavior RFT of prosocial vs. antisocial ~

Schedule Effects Behavioral contrast l After change in RFT schedule l Positive: lean rich

Schedule Effects Behavioral contrast l After change in RFT schedule l Positive: lean rich l Negative: rich lean l often temporary n Behavioral momentum l Or behavioral persistence l B continues even when RFT changes ~ n

Partial RFT Effect Maintains behavior over time l Learn more responses required for RFT

Partial RFT Effect Maintains behavior over time l Learn more responses required for RFT n Surprising Reinforcers l Attract greater attention l deprivation RFT magnitude n Gradual shift l CRF Partial RFT ~ n

Schedule of RFT & Extinction What if B no SR ? l Behavior weakens

Schedule of RFT & Extinction What if B no SR ? l Behavior weakens l Extinction n Extinction occurs quickly for CRF l Why? ~ n

Schedule of RFT & Extinction CRF l expectation of RFT every time n Partial

Schedule of RFT & Extinction CRF l expectation of RFT every time n Partial resistant to extinction l RFT not expected every time n Variable more resistant than fixed l fixed = expectation of regular RFT ~ n

Partial RFT Extinction Effect PREE l Why more resistant to extinction? n Discrimination Hypothesis

Partial RFT Extinction Effect PREE l Why more resistant to extinction? n Discrimination Hypothesis l May not immediately notice when no longer RFT n Frustration Theory l Learn to respond while frustrated l RFT for responding while frustrated ~ n