Scenario 3 Heart Attack Read The Heart The

Scenario 3: Heart Attack

Read

The Heart • The heart is a living that is made out of muscle – Because it is living, what does it need? • Nutrients • Oxygen • BLOOD FLOW!!!

What is a heart attack? • Also known as a “myocardial infarction” • Occurs when a blood clot blocks the flow of blood through the coronary artery – Coronary artery=blood vessel that feeds the muscles that make up the heart

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What is a heart attack? • This causes an interruption in blood flow that can damage or destroy part of the heart muscle

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What causes heart attacks? • The coronary arteries can become narrowed as a result of the buildup of various substances – Known as a plaque – Often cholesterol • FAT!! • The plaque hardens the arteries and eventually the vessel bursts – A clot then forms and can block the blood flow

Let’s see this in action! • Demonstration

The Anatomy of the Heart • Before we can really understand heart attacks, you must understand how the heart works • The heart is responsible for pumping and distributing blood to the entire body – What is in blood? • Oxygen • Nutrients

The Anatomy of the Heart • The heart is made up of 4 empty spaces called chambers – The ones on top are called atria (singular=atrium) – The ones on the bottom are called ventricles • The left and right side is separated by an interventricular septum – Inter=between

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The Anatomy of the Heart • In between the atria and ventricles are valves – These prevent the blood from going in the wrong direction

The Anatomy of the Heart • There are 4 sets of tubes in the heart – One going from the body to the heart • Called the vena cava • The blood feeds into the right atrium – Do you think this blood contains oxygen? – NO!

The Anatomy of the Heat • There is another tube going from the heart to the lungs – Why? • The blood needs to get oxygenated – This is called the pulmonary artery • Connects the left ventricle to the lungs

Let’s draw a picture of the pathway of blood so far

The Anatomy of the Heart • Another tube brings the blood from the lungs to the heart – Called the pulmonary vein • Dumps blood into the left ventricle – Does the blood flowing through this tube contain oxygen? • YES!

The Anatomy of the Heart • The last tube connects the heart to the rest of the body – Called the aorta • The blood goes from the left ventricle, through the tube, and then to the rest of the body • The coronary arteries that feed the heart branch off of this tube

Let’s draw a picture to show the pathway of blood so far

Pathway of Blood in Words • BODY Vena cava right atrium valve right ventricle pulmonary artery LUNGS • The lungs then oxygenate the blood • LUNGS pulmonary vein left atrium valve right ventricle aorta BODY

Pathway of Blood in Pictures

Dissection • You will be in groups of 2 -3 people • Who does NOT want to touch the heart? – You will be the circulating nurse who is responsible for reading the procedure and making sure your group is following directions • Who wants to CUT into the heart? – You will be the chief surgeon • Who wants to touch the heart? – You will be the scrub nurse in charge of placing the pins

Dissection! • Before we can start cutting, we need to orient ourselves • The bottom of the heart comes to a point known as the apex – Should be pointing down and slightly to your right • Squeeze where the ventricles would be – The left side is much more muscular and should be harder • The muscular ventricle goes on your right • Note: the left and right sides are switched because you need to pretend the heart is inside a person – Your right is their left, and vice versa

Coronary Bypass Surgery • http: //averaorg. adam. com/content. aspx? prod uct. Id=117&pid=17&gid=000065