Scalable Grid system VDHAGrid an eScience Grid with
Scalable Grid system– VDHA_Grid: an e-Science Grid with virtual and dynamic hierarchical architecture Huang Lican lchuang@cs. zju. edu. cn College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Backgroud • The mode of Grid computing is client/server at present. It is not scalable. Scalability is the most challengeable problem of Grid computing • P 2 P computing is scalable but it does not fulfill the requirements of Grid computing • We want something which has P 2 P properties and also is easily managed and implemented • Virtual and Dynamic hierarchical architecture is just the thing we want. College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Advantages of VDHA • Combine advantages of P 2 P and C/S • Satisfy the scalable and dynamical requirements of Grid College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Overview of Virtual and Dynamic Hierarchical Architecture (VDHA) • • • dynamic and virtual hierarchical architecture to satisfy the requirements of Grid computing. Client end (client host) accesses Grid system via a node (called as entrance node). The nodes are grouped virtually. Nodes can join the group and leave the group dynamically. The groups are virtually hierarchical, with one root-layer, several middle-layers, and many leaf virtual groups (these groups are called VOs). Among the nodes of VOs, one(just one)node (called as gateway node) in each group is chosen to form upper-layer groups, from the nodes of these upper-layer groups to form upper-layer College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Network Structure of VDHA_Grid College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Structure of VDHA College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Some concepts of VDHA Grid node: node in the Grid system Entrance node : a Grid node which is an entrance point for users to login into the Grid system Owned node: a Grid node which manages the users User: role which uses the Grid Client host: an apparatus used by users to login into the Grid system and to do the business. Gateway node: a Grid node which takes coordinate functions in several different layer virtual groups Virtual group: a group virtually formed by the Grid nodes Coordinator of virtual group : a gateway node taking coordinate functions in the virtual group Virtual group tree: a hierarchical tree formed by virtual groups College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Definition of VDHA is a virtual group tree with depth of at least two layers. VDHA has dynamic properties in the number of grid nodes, layers and virtual groups, virtual group compositions, and so on. College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Grid Group Management Protocol(GGMP)—maintaining the virtual group tree If there any changes in any nodes such as a node’s joining or leaving, these changes are forwarded to gateway node, which forwards this change information to all the nodes in the two neighboring layer groups. if there is any status changed needed to change gateway node, online node with maximum weight value is chosen as the new gateway node. College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Scalable service discovery • Unlike Web service and Globus, VDHA_Grid Publishes and registers the service into the owner Node by the administrator of the node itself. • service description is based on RDF. • Service discovery is scalable. Time, space and message_cost Complexity is salable, and the Implementation is also scalable. College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Grid Service Description Framework (GSDF) and ontology-based Grid service description language Must answer the following questions: (1) How does QDP use GSDF to find the services? (2) What protocol does the service bind and how does the protocol marshals? (3) How does SLMS use GSDF to implement the services? (4) How does the service account? (5) How does the service grant access right (authorization)? (6) What Qo. S does the service support? College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Query and Discovery Protocol(QDP) Full Search Query and Discovery Protocol (FSQDP) College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
FSQDP performance Influence of number of nodes in a virtual group on the time response (suppose all virtual group has the same number of nodes) College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
FSQDP performance -continue influence of number of layers on the time response College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Query and Discovery Protocol(QDP) Domain-Specific Query and Discovery Protocol (DSQDP) College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Query and Discovery Protocol(QDP) -complexity DSQDP FSQDP 1 2 4 5 3 College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University 6
Scalable Grid Security Infrastructure VDHA_Grid has the following properties: (1) Nodes in the Grid system are trusted with each other. (2) Only user and node have certificates (3) Users are managed by their owner nodes (4) Grid nodes are grouped as virtual organizations (VO). These VOs are hierarchically grouped as virtual groups (VG). (5) All nodes and VO or VGs have global identification names (the nodes ID may be Internet IP address, IDs of VOs or VGs are similar to DNS). (6) The schema of mapping global entities to local entities is very easy. (local entity plus node name and VO path tree in virtual group tree forms globe entity College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Scalable Grid Security Infrastructure: log on Authentication College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Scalable Grid Security Infrastructure: log on Authentication Step 1: the user gets access to client from which the user proxy is to be created , client generate Reqmessage; Ow-public (user-private (authen-inf, user-credential)) Send (Reqmessage 1, cli, ent); Step 2: Send (Reqmessage 1, ent, ow); Step 3: User-public (ow-private (authen-inf 1, user-credential 1)) Check Address-header with user-credential Check authen-inf ow-private (user-private(user-credential) ) Send (resultmessage, ow, ent); Send (resultmessage, ent, cli); College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Scalable Grid Security Infrastructure: Access control College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
VDHA_Grid prototype implementation College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
java implementation College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
java implementation VDHA_GRID mainframe College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
java implementation Client_API College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
A scenario of service consuming and providing
Features of VDHA_Grid • Decentralized design and autonomy • scalability • Mobile computing and huge network • High performance and full discovery of resources and services • Fault-tolerance College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
CASE study (Chinese University e-Science Grid CUEG) College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
What is CUEG? • The virtual research projects granted by MOE aimed to enhance the science and technology research by virtual cooperation via Internet. ( information sharing and cooperation research) • Its nodes are usually located in the Universities or Institutes. ( present, most of servers are PC servers ) • The nodes are relative stable compared with other type Grids. • The Universities are always formed into virtual organizers according to specific domains, (especially key labs) • several virtual organizers share a more general common domain. College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Case : heterogeneous information sharing College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Conclusion • VDHA can solve the scale and autonomy problems • VDHA has mobile computing property. • VDHA has high performance and full discovery of resources and services. • VDHA may easily manage privileges and roles of users. • VDHA satisfies the needs of Grid about security and authentication College of Computer Science , Zhejiang University
Thanks
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