SCAFFOLDING SAFETY 29 CFR 1910 28 29 CFR

SCAFFOLDING SAFETY 29 CFR 1910. 28 29 CFR 1926. 452 1 5/12/2020

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Topics to be discussed…. Scaffold Design Requirements Scaffold Erection Requirements Scaffold Alteration Requirements Scaffold Dismantling Requirements Safe Usage of Scaffolding Tagging System Scaffolding Inspection Checklist 3 Scaffolding Permit 5/12/2020

What is Scaffolding? Scaffold is an elevated temporary work platform used for supporting workers (or) materials (or) both. 4 5/12/2020

Parts of Scaffolding 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 5 Standard Ledger Transom Cross Bracing Top Rail Mid Rail Toe Board Brick Guard Base Plate & Sole Plate 5/12/2020

Basic Parts of Scaffolding 6 5/12/2020

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Top Rail, Mid Rail & Toe Board 8 5/12/2020

Brick Guard 9 5/12/2020

Cross Bracing 10 5/12/2020

Base Plate 11 5/12/2020

Scaffolding • There are three basic types of scaffolds: Supported scaffolds, which consist of one or more platforms supported by rigid, load- bearing members, such as poles, legs, frames, outriggers, etc. • Suspended scaffolds, which are one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non-rigid, overhead support. • Other scaffolds, principally man lifts, personnel hoists, etc. , which are sometimes thought of as vehicles or machinery, but can be regarded as 5/12/2020 12 another type of supported scaffold.

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Scaffolds Supported scaffolds consist of one or more platforms supported by outrigger beams, brackets, poles, legs, posts, frames, or similar rigid support. 1. Frame (or) Fabricated Scaffold 2. Mobile Scaffold 3. Ladder Jack Scaffold 4. Pump Jack Scaffold 5. Tube & Coupler Scaffold 6. Pole Scaffold 14 5/12/2020

Frame (or) Fabricated Mobile 15 5/12/2020

Mobile Scaffold Braced to prevent collapse. Casters and wheels locked to prevent 16 movement while in a stationary position. Platforms must not extend beyond the base supports of the scaffold, unless stability is ensured. Not allowed to ride on scaffolds unless the surface on which scaffold is being moved is free of pits, holes and obstructions. 5/12/2020

Suspended Scaffolds • Single Point • Two Point • Multi Point • Catenary • Interior Hung • Needle Beam • Multi Level 17 • Float 5/12/2020

Single Point point 18 Two 5/12/2020

Multi Point Catenary 19 5/12/2020

Suspended Scaffold Safety Counterweights 20 secured, and not removed until scaffold disassembled Tiebacks secured to sound anchorage on the building or 5/12/2020

Other Scaffolds – Aerial Lift 21 5/12/2020

Aerial Lift Ensure proper fall 22 protection prior to using Includes use of guardrails Never exceed load capacity Do not move lift truck with workers in basket unless adequately designed (upper controls – personnel carriers) 5/12/2020

Scaffold Competent Person Inspect scaffolding and components prior to each work shift Determine possibility of providing fall protection and access Evaluate connections to support load Determine structural soundness Train erectors and dismantlers to recognize 23 work hazards 5/12/2020

Scaffold Tagging System 24 5/12/2020

Red Tag…. Indicates the scaffold has not been inspected or is not safe for use “DO NOT USE SCAFFOLD” message must be visible 25 5/12/2020

Green Tag…. a TANK 105 2 6 A. SULAIMAN Ahmed Sulaiman 673 -2400 233100 K. SALEH Khaled Saleh 673 -2308 431056 Insert fits into holder 26 2/14/02 2/28/02 3/14/02 3/28/02 Indicates scaffold is complete, has been inspected, and is safe for use at the time of inspection GREEN scaffold tag valid for a maximum of two weeks 5/12/2020

Indicates scaffold has been inspected and may be used only by workers wearing a properly anchored personal fall arrest system, including a full body harness and lanyard Yellow Tag…. TANK 105 a A. SULAIMAN Ahmed Sulaiman 673 -2400 233100 6 2 K. SALEH Khaled Saleh 673 -2308 431056 4/10/02 Insert fits into holder 27 YELLOW scaffold tag valid for two weeks maximum 5/12/2020

Displaying of Tag…. RED scaffold tag (holder) to be built into scaffold, near each point of access, by scaffold craftsmen Only qualified scaffold craftsmen are allowed on a scaffold with a RED scaffold tag 28 5/12/2020

If Scaffold EQUAL TO or LESS THAN 6 meters (20 feet) high: Scaffold Supervisor signs GREEN or YELLOW scaffold tag(s) and prints date when next inspection is due “Date of next inspection” must not be more than 2 weeks ahead 29 Supervisor inserts the signed GREEN or YELLOW tag(s) into the RED holder(s) 5/12/2020

If Scaffold MORE THAN 6 meters (20 feet) tall: Scaffold Supervisor signs tag(s) and leaves “Date of Next Inspection” blank Supervisor gives the signed GREEN or YELLOW tag(s) to a Scaffold Inspector • All Scaffold Inspectors and Scaffold Supervisors MUST BE CERTIFIED 30 5/12/2020

If Scaffold MORE THAN 6 meters (20 feet) tall: Scaffold Inspector inspects scaffold As soon as possible after Scaffold Supervisor’s inspection Scaffold Inspector also fills in and signs separate “Scaffold Field Inspection Checklist” Inspector gives this checklist to Work Permit Issuer’s unit, who will keep it until scaffold is taken down 31 5/12/2020

If Scaffold MORE THAN 6 meters (20 feet) tall: If Scaffold Inspector agrees that scaffold is safe to use, he will: Fill in and sign GREEN or YELLOW scaffold tag(s) • Previously given to him by Scaffold Supervisor 32 5/12/2020

Scaffold Erection Requirement Only competent & experienced person must be permitted to erect & dismantle the scaffolding at site. Guardrails, mid rails & toe boards must be placed on all open side of platforms more than 1. 2 meters above ground (or) floor. 33 5/12/2020

Scaffold Erection Requirement The top rail must be placed approximately 1200 mm high from the platform. The mid rail must be placed approximately 600 mm high from the platform. The toe board must be placed approximately 300 mm from the platform. 34 5/12/2020

Top Rail, Mid Rail & Toe Board 35 5/12/2020

Scaffold Erection Requirement All scaffolds shall be provided with an access ladder that extends to at least 1 meter above the platform. Platforms should be 220 mm wide & 25 mm thick and it should be tightened with scaffolding to prevent movements in high winds. Scaffolds should be cleaned after the completion 36 of work. 5/12/2020

Scaffold Erection Requirement Should be on a firm foundation with base plates. Should be properly braced & tied up. Should have a properly tightened platform. Should have guardrails over 1. 2 meters. Should have adequate means of ingress & egress. 37 5/12/2020

Ladder Safety

Scaffold Erection Requirement • Must be able to support its own weight and 4 times the maximum intended load. • Scaffolds must be designed by a qualified person. 39 5/12/2020

Scaffold Erection Requirement Any scaffold damaged or weakened from any cause shall be immediately repaired and shall not be used until repairs have been completed. 40 5/12/2020

Planking All planking or platforms shall be overlapped (minimum 12 inches) or secured from movement. Scaffold planks shall extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. 41 5/12/2020

Platform Construction No paint on wood platforms, except edges that may be marked for identification. Fully planked. No mixed components, unless compatible and integrity maintained. No modification of mixed components unless approved by competent person. 42 5/12/2020

Tips Never use scaffolds that do not have proper guardrails installed 43 5/12/2020

Common Scaffold Safety Tips Must bear on adequate foundations Unstable objects will not be used as working platforms 44 5/12/2020

Common Scaffold Safety Tips Lifeline support must be checked for compatibility prior to use. 45 5/12/2020

Life Line LIFE LINE 46 5/12/2020

Access Must have safe access Cross-braces prohibited as means of access Rest platforms required at 35 feet intervals Slip-resistant on all steps and landings 47 5/12/2020

PFAS Workers must be trained how to properly use PFAS include anchorage, lifeline and full body harness with double lanyard. Both Active & Passive Fall 48 5/12/2020

Restrictions Don’t overloaded. Don’t Erect & move near power lines. Repair damaged components. Restrict horizontal movement of workers unless provided with fall protection. Prohibit work activities during high winds unless authorized. Remove whole scaffold from service until repaired. Note – Scaffolds must be erected 10 49 feet away of the overhead power 5/12/2020

Over Head Power Lines Proper clearance near overhead lines Keep 10 foot minimum unless de-energized, Relocated, or installed protective covering installed! 50 5/12/2020

Restrictions No work on snow, or ice covered platforms No barrels, boxes or ladders on top of scaffolds 51 5/12/2020

Training Required Employees must receive training from qualified person that covers: Nature of hazards, electrical, falls, and falling items Use of scaffold / handling Maximum intended load and load carrying capabilities of scaffold Procedures for setup, dismantling or moving the system 52 5/12/2020

In General…. Follow the manufacturer's instructions when erecting the scaffold. Do not work on scaffolds outside during stormy or windy weather. Do not climb on scaffolds that wobble or lean to one side. Initially inspect the scaffold prior to mounting it. Do not use a scaffold if any pulley, block, hook or fitting is visibly worn, cracked, rusted or otherwise damaged. Do not use any scaffold tagged "Out of Service". Do not work on platforms or scaffolds unless they are fully planked. Do not use a scaffold unless guardrails and all flooring are 5/12/2020 53 in place.

In General…. Do not walk or work beneath a scaffold unless a wire mesh has been installed between the top rail and the toe board or planking. Use your safety belts and lanyards when working on scaffolding at a height. Attach the lanyard to a secure member of the scaffold. Do not climb the cross braces for access to the scaffold. Use the ladder. Do not jump from, to, or between scaffolding. Do not move a mobile scaffold if anyone is on the scaffold. Chock the wheels of the rolling scaffold, using the wheel blocks, and also lock the wheels by using your foot to depress the wheel-lock, before using the scaffold. 54 5/12/2020

Resources http: //www. osha. gov/SLTC/etools/scaffolding/index. ht ml http: //www. osha. gov/pls/oshaweb/owadisp. show_docu ment? p_table=STANDARDS&p_id=9720 http: //www. hse. gov. uk/construction/safetytopics/scaff oldinginfo. htm Scaffold Safety Hand book – Saudi Aramco ANY QUERIES? ? ? 55 5/12/2020