SBD Activity Design CS 3724 HCI Chris North
SBD: Activity Design CS 3724 - HCI Chris North Usability Engineering - Chapter 3
Hall of Fame/Shame Presentations
Homework Revisited
Project: Req’s Analysis revisited
Activity design • Conceptual models – Abstract objects – Abstract operations
e. g. communication • Phone: voice, sync, 2 way, remote, 1 -1, immediate, – Metaphor: Face to face • Cell text • IM: text, sync • Email: text/files, stored, editable, 1 way, async, 1 -M, impersonal, not interupting, ignore – Metaphor: snail mail
e. g. project metaphors • Find needle in haystack • Reading a book, creating mystery novel, choose your own • Identifying trends, e. g fashion, stock • Multiple Puzzle – Sorting out pieces, categorizing – Border, framework – Pick focus area, unique – Filling in gaps – Show it off
e. g. more project ideas • • • Browsing the web Googling, hits To-do lists Notes in margin, textbook Piling, folders Timelines, calendars
e. g. project claims • Search box – – – – + narrows list of files + flexible, can type any keyword - searching in wrong files - irrelevant optoins - no stemming (“flower(s)”) - no organization of hits list - copy&paste, mispelling • Piling: – + focus the searches within piles – - must pre-sort piles • Browsing the web: – + select the hyperlink, no retyping or copy&paste – - less flexible – + shows us what is ‘searchable’, avoid 0 hit query • Googling – + give hints about similar searches
ANALYZE analysis of stakeholders, field studies Problem scenarios claims about current practice DESIGN metaphors, information technology, HCI theory, guidelines Activity scenarios Information scenarios iterative analysis of usability claims and re-design Interaction scenarios PROTOTYPE & EVALUATE summative evaluation Usability specifications formative evaluation
Root concept: vision, rationale, assumptions, stakeholders SBD and Requirements Analysis Field studies: workplace observations, recordings, interviews, artifacts Summaries: stakeholder, task, and artifact analyses, general themes Problem scenarios: illustrate and put into context the tasks and themes discovered in the field studies Claims analysis: find and incorporate features of practice that have key implications for use
ANALYZE analysis of stakeholders, field studies Problem scenarios claims about current practice DESIGN metaphors, information technology, HCI theory, guidelines Activity Functionality scenarios Information scenarios Look and feel iterative analysis of usability claims and re-design Interaction scenarios PROTOTYPE & EVALUATE summative evaluation Usability specifications formative evaluation
EM LITY T S SY IONA CT N FU customer data Activity Design The Two Faces of HCI Design ordering product data searching browsing payment Information & Interaction Design LOOK & FEEL icons security links menus layout navigation labels fields feedback
SBD: Activity Design Goal: work from problems and opportunities of problem domain to envision new activities • Transform old activities to new Problem scenarios: work from current practice to build new ideas activities that use technology • Focus on system “what”, not “how” (why? ) “conceptual design”, “task-level design” • Focus on improvements • Iterative Activity design scenarios: transform current activities to use new design ideas
Problem claims: look for design ideas that address negatives, but keep positives +/- SBD: Activity Design Problem scenarios: work from current practice to build new Activity design space: brainstorm implications of metaphors and technology Activity design scenarios: transform current activities to use new design ideas Claims analysis: identify, illustrate, and document design features with key implications +/- HCI knowledge about activity design
Envisioning new activities • Effectiveness: meets users’ needs • Innovative technology vs. tried-and-true • Generality vs. specific tasks • Comprehension: understandable, predictable • Mental models • Metaphors • Satisfaction: accomplishment, motivating • Automation vs. user control • Individual vs group needs
Activity design process 1. Design alternatives • • Focus on fixing -’s, preserving +’s Informal methods: – – • Brainstorm Try metaphors Apply technologies Explore “what if”s, Be creative, out of the box Systematic methods: – Identify design space -- Morphological Box 2. Rework scenarios with new design ideas • • Participatory design Coherence, completeness 3. Track claims • +/-, rationale 4. Iterate
The Morphological Box § Identify dimensions of the design space § Enumerate all possible solutions PBJ sandwich, on whole wheat, no butter
Metaphors bridge the gap + - User’s Mental Model Designer’s Model The Web Cart Cashier Systematic, logical, comprehensive Ad hoc, informal, incomplete
Brainstorming § Developed in response to “group think” § Basic rules: § § Someone keeps list so everyone can see No idea is too wild No evaluation Silence does not mean “DONE” § Fun and “light weight”
Grocery shopping – Reqs analysis review? • Soccer mom: • • Shopping cart: • + • - • Shelves/Aisles: • + • -
Metaphors for Grocery Shopping? •
New activity scenario? • Online grocery • Soccer mom story: •
Grocery shopping – Reqs analysis review • Soccer mom: • • • Screaming kids Large quantity search strategy, lists Browsing strategy? weekly repeats • Large Shopping cart: • • + 1 slot for 1 kid + Pile stuff, big stuff underneath - >1 kid? - must push, heavy • Shelves • + see lots of stuff fast • - hard to find stuff • - lots of walking
Metaphors for grocery shopping • Pizza delivery • + stay home • - no browsing • Cookbook • + meal oriented • - no customization? • Vending machine • Menu for search stuff • + Automating retrieval of items • - get top item only, can’t pick unbruised fruit…
New activity scenario • Online grocery • Soccer mom story: • • • Puts screaming kids outside Repeating purchases using order template Search for items quickly Gets helpful linked recommendations: beer + diapers How does she Browse? Online coupons/specials… Items get packed for her and delivered to her door (or maybe she picks up, they load into her van for her) • But She notices some items are not correct.
The Morphological Box § Identify dimensions of the design space § Enumerate all possible solutions PBJ sandwich, on whole wheat, with butter
Grocery Shopping – design dimensions? •
Grocery Shopping – design dimensions • Online vs. Store • Browse vs. Search • Deliver vs. Pickup •
Morph. Box for Grocery Shopping location online store Browse llbean kroegers Search Ebay, Pizza by phone Mcdonalds navigation Possible new ways to grocery shop?
ANALYZE analysis of stakeholders, field studies Problem scenarios claims about current practice DESIGN metaphors, information technology, HCI theory, guidelines Activity scenarios Information scenarios iterative analysis of usability claims and re-design Interaction scenarios PROTOTYPE & EVALUATE summative evaluation Usability specifications formative evaluation
Stages of Action in HCI Information design Interpretation Making sense GULF OF EVALUATION Perception Last month’s budget. . . ? Humancomputer interaction Task goal Interaction design System goal GULF OF EXECUTION Action plan Execution
Homework #2 • Due Thurs • Study Usability Case library • Garden. com • Requirements analysis • Create an HTA for planning a garden • • Use existing analysis – stuff you didn’t know Add own/friends’ knowledge Hierarchical decomposition Be thorough
Project Step 2 – Reqmts Analysis • Due next Thurs • Do the UE process • • Identify stakeholders Observe, interview, survey Analyze data Develop representations Users Problem scenarios Claims What’s the REAL problem?
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