Satellite Application on Weather Services in Japan Yasushi

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Satellite Application on Weather Services in Japan Yasushi SUZUKI Japan Weather Association 2 nd.

Satellite Application on Weather Services in Japan Yasushi SUZUKI Japan Weather Association 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 1

Private weather companies in Japan Ø Japan Meteorological Agency gives approval to the weather

Private weather companies in Japan Ø Japan Meteorological Agency gives approval to the weather business based on the Meteorological Service Act Ø 62 companies are approved for the meteorological information Ø 53 companies are approved for the earthquake information Ø The amount of weather market is about 30 billion-yen Ø About 9, 300 weather forecasters are certified Amount of market Number of companies 1995 2005 Annual report on the weather business by Japan Meteorological Agency 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 2

Value-added products from private weather companies Ø Filling the lack of public weather information

Value-added products from private weather companies Ø Filling the lack of public weather information Communicate clearly to the user Communicate in a timely Communicate in an appropriate way Communicate in an appropriate words Ø Value-added products made from basic data       Information which meet the demands of users Ø The value of information is determined by the compensation of user’s satisfaction level 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 3

Forecasts Observations Alerts Maps Index Travel&Sports Climate tenki. jp Column Satellites Maps Radars AMe.

Forecasts Observations Alerts Maps Index Travel&Sports Climate tenki. jp Column Satellites Maps Radars AMe. DAS PM 2. 5 Weather column by certified weather forecaster 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 4

Train Weather Channel in NEX(Narita Express) After Arrival Before Departure NEX connects Narita airport

Train Weather Channel in NEX(Narita Express) After Arrival Before Departure NEX connects Narita airport to Tokyo city 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 5

Weather column by Ms. Mirei Kawashima Certified Weather Forecaster Looking a global rainfall map

Weather column by Ms. Mirei Kawashima Certified Weather Forecaster Looking a global rainfall map Usually, you are using observed rainfall information by weather radars on the ground. But rainfall observation is available from space. Today, I introduce a global rainfall map using satellite observation. -----JAXA’s GSMa. P products are used in tenki. jp weather portal site. In this case, two tropical cyclones were approaching and their rainfall distribution on the Pacific ocean was explained. 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 6

Mobile phone information (GSMa. P/SST/Winds) User Questionnaire on interesting information 1. 2. 3. 4.

Mobile phone information (GSMa. P/SST/Winds) User Questionnaire on interesting information 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Weather & Temp. 163 Temp. 65 Weather & Temp. & Rain 64 SST 25 Rain 24 overseas travel 140 (total 651) JAXA/JWA collaborative research on “Satellite data application on weather information system and results from user promotion study” (2011 -2013) 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 7

History of Microwave Radiometer Data DMSP-F 18/SSMIS Radiance assimilation was started in 2010 GCOM-W/AMSR

History of Microwave Radiometer Data DMSP-F 18/SSMIS Radiance assimilation was started in 2010 GCOM-W/AMSR 2 DMSP-F 16, 17/SSMIS were added Aqua/AMSR-E DMSP-F 13/SSMI TPW, RR assimilation was started in 2003 DMSP-F 13, 14, 15/SSMI and TRMM/TMI Aqua/AMSR-E DMSP-F 14/SSMI DMSP-F 15/SSMI 2003 2006 2009 2012 JMA Meso-scale Analysis (one month accumulated data amount) Start of use End of use TRMM/TMI assimilation was started in 2003. Amount of MWR data increased by 5 times in the past 12 years. Radiances are assimilated in JMA global and mesoscale 4 D-var data assimilation systems. 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 Sato (2015, TRMM Symposium) 8

GMI case study: Heavy precipitation event in Japan Assimilation experiment: Control run: same as

GMI case study: Heavy precipitation event in Japan Assimilation experiment: Control run: same as JMA operational configuration (w/o GMI data) Test run: Control + GPM satellite data (GMI TB, retrieved rain rate) Period: Data assimilation: 26 June – 14 July, 2014 Forecast: 39 hour forecasts every 3 hour Heavy rain in Nagasaki prefecture in the western Island of Japan Surface weather chart (00 UTC July 3, 2014) 21 UTC July 2, 2014 Rain Rate from ground-based radar and microwave imagers MTSAT IR image (00 UTC July 3, 2014) GMI brightness temperature SSMIS brightness temperature Kazumori (2014, IPWG 7)

GMI data coverage GMI observed TB (23 GHz. V) w BC GMI simulated TB

GMI data coverage GMI observed TB (23 GHz. V) w BC GMI simulated TB (23 GHz. V)  Observed TB – Simulated TB  Retrieved Rain Rate Added as new data Kazumori (2014, IPWG 7)

Impacts on analyzed TPW field TPW (analysis) (w GMI) Analysis increment (w GMI) Kazumori (2014,

Impacts on analyzed TPW field TPW (analysis) (w GMI) Analysis increment (w GMI) Kazumori (2014, IPWG 7) TPW (analysis) (wo GMI) Analysis increment (wo GMI) 21 UTC 2 July 2014

GPM data utilization test • • GMI microwave imager data utilization are in progress.

GPM data utilization test • • GMI microwave imager data utilization are in progress. – Assimilation of GMI TB improves the fits in other microwave imager’s analysis and first guess departure in NH and tropics. – And, improves humidity fields in the lower troposphere. – A case study shows assimilation of GMI observations (TB and rain rate) improves precipitation forecast in JMA meso-scale NWP system. GPM/DPR reflectivity data assimilation based on TRMM/PR technique are investigated. TRMM/TMI GPM-core/GMI 2014/07/07(1 day) 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 Kazumori (2014, IPWG 7) 12

 • Reference materials 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 13

• Reference materials 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 13

Assimilation of GMI TB in JMA Meso-scale NWP system l DA system: Main target

Assimilation of GMI TB in JMA Meso-scale NWP system l DA system: Main target of JMA Meso-scale NWP system is accurate precipitation forecasts for Japan and its surrounding areas. Meso-scale Model Non-hydrostatic model based 4 D-Var (Honda et al. 2005) Domain l Forecast model: Non-hydrostatic model, JMA-NHM (Saito et al. 2006) l Model Resolution: Outer 5 km, Inner 15 km l Three hourly assimilation cycle: 8 times per day, three hour assimilation window l Used data: satellite radiance and rain, rain rate and wind from ground-based radar, TCWV from GNSS, AMV, and conventional data l RTM for satellite radiance assimilation: RTTOV-10 (same as JMA Global DA system) l Added new data GMI: Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Microwave Imager l Channel: 19 V, 23 V, 37 V, 89 V l Retrieved Rain Rate GMI TB data are obtained from JAXA in real time since March 2014 Kazumori (2014, IPWG 7)

Distribution of used microwave imager data in JMA Meso-scale analysis: AMSR 2, SSMIS F

Distribution of used microwave imager data in JMA Meso-scale analysis: AMSR 2, SSMIS F 16, SSMIS F 17, SSMIS F 18, TMI, GMI Kazumori (2014, IPWG 7)

TRMM/PR simulation test • With the radar simulator in JMA, TRMM/PR reflectivity was simulated

TRMM/PR simulation test • With the radar simulator in JMA, TRMM/PR reflectivity was simulated using MSM forecast field. – This is a preliminary study for satellite radar reflectivity assimilation. • The sample case is 29 Oct. 2010 (T 1014, CHABA). Vertical cross section of Ze Analyzed PMSL field and TRMM/PR swath 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 16 Sato (2015, TRMM Symposium)

TRMM/PR assimilation test Model w Model+Obs w Eye of Typhoon Model Simulated Ze Observation

TRMM/PR assimilation test Model w Model+Obs w Eye of Typhoon Model Simulated Ze Observation Ze 2 nd. GPM Applications Workshop, June/9 -10/2015 Model+Obs Simulated Ze 17 Sato (2015, TRMM Symposium)