Saratov State University Department of Optics Biophotonics Optical
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Optical properties of tissues in the visible - NIR spectral region Alexey N. Bashkatov, Elina A. Genina, Valery V. Tuchin Department of Optics and Biophotonics of Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia National Research Tomsk State University, Russia e-mail: a. n. bashkatov@mail. ru 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Motivation: Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Development of optical method in modern medicine in the areas of diagnostics, therapy and surgery has stimulated the investigation of optical properties of various biological tissues, since the efficacy of laser treatment depends on the photon propagation and fluence rate distribution within irradiated tissues. The knowledge of tissue optical properties is necessary for the development of the novel optical technologies of photodynamic and photothermal therapy, optical tomography, optical biopsy, and etc. Numerous investigations related to determination of tissue optical properties are available however the optical properties of many tissues have not been studied in a wide wavelength range. 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Experimental setup Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ The geometry of the measurements in A) total transmittance mode, B) diffuse transmittance mode, C) reflectance mode. 1 ‑ the incident beam (diameter 3 mm); 2 ‑ the tissue sample; 3 ‑ the entrance port (square 20 20 mm); 4 ‑ the transmitted (or diffuse reflected) radiation; 5 ‑ the integrating sphere (inner diameter is 100 mm); 6 ‑ the exit port (diameter 16 mm). LPD ‑ the maximal value of lateral light propagation distance. 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Experimental setup Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ The geometry of the measurements in A) transmittance mode, B) reflectance mode. 1 ‑ the incident beam (diameter 1 -10 mm); 2 ‑ the tissue sample; 3 ‑ the entrance port (square 25 16 mm); 4 ‑ the transmitted (or diffuse reflected) radiation; 5 ‑ the integrating sphere (IS) (inner diameter is 150 mm); 6 ‑ the exit port (diameter 28 mm) The geometry of the collimated transmittance measurements. Diameter of the incident beam is 2 mm 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Flow-chart of the inverse Monte Carlo (IMC) method Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University Main components of biological Department of Optics & Biophotonics tissues: collagen _________________________ Vogel A. , Venugopalan V. // Chemical Reviews, Vol. 103, N. 2, P. 577 -644, 2003 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University Main components of biological Department of Optics & Biophotonics tissues: water _________________________ Hale G. , Querry M. R. Optical constants of water in the 200 -nm to 200 - m wavelength region // Appl. Opt. , Vol. 12, N. 3, P. 555 -563, 1973 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University Main components of biological Department of Optics & Biophotonics tissues: blood _________________________ Friebel M. , Helfmann J. , Netz U. , Meinke M. Influence of oxygen saturation on the optical scattering properties of human red blood cells in the spectral range 250 to 2000 nm // J. Biomed. Opt. , Vol. 14, N. 3, 034001, 2009 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University Main components of biological Department of Optics & Biophotonics tissues: melanin _________________________ Inverse adding-doubling (IAD) method (Prahl S. A. , van Gemert M. J. C. , Welch A. J. // Appl. Opt. , 1993, Vol. 32, N. 4, P. 559 -568) Bashkatov A. N. et al. Optical properties of melanin in the skin and skin-like phantoms // Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4162, 219 -226, 2000 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Human eye sclera: structure _________________________ Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Komai Y. , Ushiki T. The three-dimensional organization of collagen fibrils in the human cornea and sclera // Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Vol. 32, N. 8, P. 2244 -2258, 1991 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Human eye sclera: optical properties Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , Kochubey V. I. , Tuchin V. V. Optical properties of human sclera in spectral range 370 -2500 nm // Optics and Spectroscopy, Vol. 109(2), P. 197 -204, 2010 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Human eye sclera: optical properties Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ The wavelength dependence of scattering anisotropy factor of the human eye sclera IS, IMC, data averaged for 20 samples The scattering coefficient of the human eye sclera IS, IMC, data averaged for 20 samples 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Human dura mater: structure _________________________ Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Zyablov, V. I. , Yu. N. Shapovalov, K. D. Toskin, V. V. Tkach, V. V. Zherebovski, and L. S. Georgievskaya. 1982. Structure and physical-mechanical properties of human dura mater concerning aging. Arch. Anat. Histol. Embryol. (Russia). 3: 29 -36. 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Human dura mater: optical properties. Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Genina E. A. , Bashkatov A. N. , Kochubey V. I. , Tuchin V. V. // Optics and Spectroscopy, 98(3), 470 -476, 2005 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Human skin: structure Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Electron microscope photograph (x 960) Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , Korovina I. V. , Sinichkin Yu. P. , Novikova O. V. , Tuchin V. V. // Proc. SPIE, Vol. 4241, P. 223 -230, 2001 1 - Stratum Corneum; 2 – Epidermis; 3 – Dermis; 4 – Subcutaneous adipose tissue 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Human and rat skin: optical properties _________________________ a b The absorption of the rat (a) skin and human (b) skin dermis samples IS, IMC, data averaged for 10 samples 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Human and rat skin: optical properties _________________________ a b The reduced scattering coefficient of the rat skin (a) and human (b) skin dermis samples. IS, IMC, data averaged for 10 samples 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Human and rat skin: optical properties _________________________ a b The scattering coefficient of the rat skin (a) and human (b) skin dermis samples. IS, IMC, data averaged for 10 samples 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Human and rat skin: optical properties _________________________ a b The wavelength dependence of scattering anisotropy factor of the rat skin (a) and human (b) skin dermis samples. IS, IMC, data averaged for 10 samples 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University Muscle tissue: optical properties _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University Human subcutaneous adipose tissue: Department of Optics & Biophotonics optical properties __________________________________________________ Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , Kochubey V. I. , Tuchin V. V. // Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 38, P. 2543 -2555, 2005 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Rat abdominal and subcutaneous adipose tissue: optical properties Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ The absorption (blue line) and the scattering (black line) spectra of the subcutaneous rat adipose tissue The absorption (blue line) and the scattering (black line) spectra of the abdominal rat adipose tissue Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , Kochubey V. I. , Tuchin V. V. // Optics and Spectroscopy, Vol. 99, N. 5, P. 836 -842, 2005 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University Human mucous of maxillary sinuses: Department of Optics & Biophotonics optical properties _________________________ Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , et al. // Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, Vol. 38, P. 2543 -2555, 2005 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Human nasal polyps: optical properties _________________________ IS, IMC, data averaged for 20 samples 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Human nasal polyps: optical properties _________________________ IS, IMC, data averaged for 20 samples 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Human tonsils: optical properties _________________________ IS, IMC, data averaged for 20 samples 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Human tonsils: optical properties _________________________ IS, IMC, data averaged for 20 samples 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Porcine lung: optical properties _________________________ IS, IMC, data averaged for 10 samples 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Porcine lung: optical properties _________________________ IS, IMC, data averaged for 10 samples 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University Human stomach wall mucosa: Department of Optics & Biophotonics optical properties _________________________ 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University Rat pancreas: optical properties _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Black line – norma Blue line - pancreatitis 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University Rat pancreas: optical properties _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Black line – norma Blue line - pancreatitis 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Human colon tissue: optical properties _________________________ ■ - mucous layer of the colon tissue ● - submucous layer of the colon tissue Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , Kochubey V. I. , Rubtsov V. S. , Kolesnikova E. A. , Tuchin V. V. Optical properties of human colon tissues in the 350 -2500 nm spectral range // Quantum Electronics, Vol. 44(8), P. 779 -784, 2014 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Human colon tissue: optical properties _________________________ ■ - mucous layer of the colon tissue ● - submucous layer of the colon tissue Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , Kochubey V. I. , Rubtsov V. S. , Kolesnikova E. A. , Tuchin V. V. Optical properties of human colon tissues in the 350 -2500 nm spectral range // Quantum Electronics, Vol. 44(8), P. 779 -784, 2014 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Human parietal peritoneum: optical properties Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Absorption spectrum of the parietal peritoneum mucous. IS, IMC, data averaged for 13 samples Reduced scattering coefficient spectrum of the parietal peritoneum mucous. IS, IMC, data averaged for 13 samples Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , Kozintseva M. D. , Kochubey V. I. , Gorodkov S. Yu. , Tuchin V. V. Optical properties of parietal peritoneum in the spectral range 3502500 nm // Optics and spectroscopy, Vol. 120(1), 2016 (in press) 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Human parietal peritoneum: optical properties Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Wavelength dependence of scattering The scattering coefficient spectrum of anisotropy factor of the parietal peritoneum mucous. IS, IMC, data averaged for 13 samples Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , Kozintseva M. D. , Kochubey V. I. , Gorodkov S. Yu. , Tuchin V. V. Optical properties of parietal peritoneum in the spectral range 3502500 nm // Optics and spectroscopy, Vol. 120(1), 2016 (in press) 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Human parietal peritoneum: optical properties Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Absorption spectrum of the parietal peritoneum muscle. IS, IMC, data averaged for 10 samples Reduced scattering coefficient spectrum of the parietal peritoneum muscle. IS, IMC, data averaged for 10 samples Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , Kozintseva M. D. , Kochubey V. I. , Gorodkov S. Yu. , Tuchin V. V. Optical properties of parietal peritoneum in the spectral range 3502500 nm // Optics and spectroscopy, Vol. 120(1), 2016 (in press) 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Human parietal peritoneum: optical properties Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Absorption spectrum of the whole parietal peritoneum (mucous + muscle). IS, IMC, data averaged for 14 samples Reduced scattering coefficient spectrum of the whole parietal peritoneum (mucous + muscle). IS, IMC, 14 samples Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , Kozintseva M. D. , Kochubey V. I. , Gorodkov S. Yu. , Tuchin V. V. Optical properties of parietal peritoneum in the spectral range 3502500 nm // Optics and spectroscopy, Vol. 120(1), 2016 (in press) 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Human bone: structure Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Waigh T. A. Applied biophysics. A molecular approach for physical scientists / John Wiley & Sons Ltd. , 2007 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics Human cranial bone: optical properties _________________________ Bashkatov A. N. , Genina E. A. , et al. // Proc. SPIE, Vol. 6163, 616310, 2006 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ The absorption spectra of human eye sclera, skin, adipose tissue, maxillary sinus, colon, muscle, parietal peritoneum, lung, pancreas, nasal polyps, tonsils, and stomach wall mucous. The green line corresponds to absorption averaged over all investigated tissues. The red line correspond to wavelength dependence of reduced scattering coefficient averaged over all investigated tissues, and blue line correspond to its approximation by a power law 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
Acknowledgement Saratov State University _______________________ Department of Optics & Biophotonics _________________________ Grant of Russian Scientific Foundation № 14 -15 -00186 Foundation namely D. I. Mendeleev of Tomsk State University Grant of President of Russian Federation «Leading Scientific School» № НШ-703. 2014. 2. The authors would like to thank Prof. V. I. Kochubey, Ph. D I. Yanina, and Ph. D students D. K. Tuchina, E. A. Kolesnikova, P. A. Timoshina and M. D. Kozintseva for his help in these investigations 7 th Finnish-Russian Photonicsand Laser Symposium. PALS'15
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