Salem Witch Trials Society and Culture in Provincial

Salem Witch Trials

Society and Culture in Provincial America • Patterns of Society – The Puritan Community • Patterns of Settlement • Puritan Democracy Copyright © 2002 by the Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Puritan Community Patterns of Settlement The New England Town: Sudbury, MA, 17 th century Copyright © 2002 by the Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Society and Culture in Provincial America • Patterns of Society – The Puritan Community • Patterns of Settlement • Puritan Democracy • Population Pressure Copyright © 2002 by the Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Society and Culture in Provincial America • Patterns of Society – The Puritan Community • • Patterns of Settlement Puritan Democracy Population Pressure Generational Conflict Copyright © 2002 by the Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Society and Culture in Provincial America • Patterns of Society – The Witchcraft Phenomenon • Salem Witch Trials • 1691 - 1692 • 20 people hanged Copyright © 2002 by the Mc. Graw-Hill Companies, Inc.

Salem Accusers and Accused school. discoveryeducation. com

Great Awakening and The Enlightenment

Enlightenment

The Enlightenment (1690) • The Enlightenment ~ a social, philosophical, and political movement that began in Europe. – Many philosophers attempted the explain the purpose of government. – Believed that reason was the basis for authority

5 Concepts of the Enlightenment 1. Reason –believed truth could be discovered through reason or logical thinking. 2. Nature – what was natural was also good and reasonable. 3. Happiness – urged people to find happiness on Earth. 4. Progress – society and humankind could improve. 5. Liberty – called for the liberties that the English had won during the Glorious Revolution and English Bill of Rights.

Roots of American Democracy – Magna Carta (1215) – right to trial by jury, due process of law, no taxation without representation, habeas corpus – English Common Law - based on custom and court decisions – Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639) • The first state constitution – Limited power of government – Majority rule, consent of the government, and protected minority rights – English Bill of Rights (1689) – limited power of king and gave people more rights

Enlightenment Ideas – Social Contract Theory (Rousseau) – government comes from the consent of the governed – Natural Rights (Locke) – life, Liberty, and property – Separation of Powers (Montesquieu) – 3 branches of government.

American Enlightenment Leaders "Thomas Jefferson. " Image. Biographical. Images. com. American History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 10 Sept. 2013 . "John Adams. " Image. Library of Congress. American History. ABCCLIO, 2013. Web. 10 Sept. 2013. "Benjamin Franklin. " Image. National Archives. American History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 10 Sept. 2013. "James Madison. " Image. Library of Congress. American History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 10 Sept. 2013.

RECAP Religious Freedom • Colony of Rhode Island (1644) ~ established by Roger Williams who was banished from Massachusetts. – Established the idea of separation of church and state. • Maryland Toleration Act (1649) ~ Guaranteed religious freedom to all Christians. • William Penn’s “Holy Experiment” (1681) ~ established the colony of Pennsylvania for Quakers. – Considered the most democratic colony.

What was the Great Awakening? The Great Awakening

What was the Great Awakening? • 1730 s-1740 s • Religious revival movement • Evangelicism- “new birth” considered the ultimate religious experience • Followers accepted that they were sinners and asked for salvation

Before the Great Awakening • Before the 1730 s, most colonies had two established religions • Congregationalism was the largest religion in New England (Puritans and other dissidents who broke away from the Church of England) • Anglicanism was the largest religion in New York and the Southern colonies (same as the Church of England

George Whitefield • Preacher • Fire and Brimstone style George Whitefield. " Image. Library of Congress. American History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 10 Sept. 2013. Jonathan Edwards • “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God” "Jonathan Edwards. " Image. Library of Congress. American History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 10 Sept. 2013.

Old Lights vs. New Lights • Churches that grew as a result of the Great Awakening: Presbyterianism, Methodism, Baptism (New Lights) • Great Awakening challenged authority and hierarchy of established churches (Old Lights: Congregationalists and Anglicans) • Great Awakening said that anybody could be converted and born again. You didn’t need traditional church leadership to decide whether or not you belonged.

Effects • New social dynamics gave thinkers of the American Revolution new modes and methods of political expression

Effects of both movements • Challenges to authority • Self reliance • Traditional vs. Reform • High literacy • Spread of Science New social dynamics gave thinkers of the American Revolution new modes and methods of political expression

Citations "Great Awakening. " American History. ABC-CLIO, 2013. Web. 10 Sept. 2013. "Great Awakening. " Stanford Historical Educational Group: Read Like A Historian. Stanford University, n. d. Web.