SafetyA Personal Decision Bureau of Workers Compensation PA

Safety-A Personal Decision Bureau of Workers’ Compensation PA Training for Health & Safety (PATHS) PPT-104 -01 1

Workplace Injuries What is behind most workplace injuries? § § A lack of safety training Poor equipment, policies, or systems Ignorance Inattention to risks PPT-104 -01 2

Incident Causes Poor Management Safety Policy & Decisions Personal Factors Environmental Factors Unsafe Act Indirect Causes Basic Causes Unsafe Condition INCIDENT a e us C t c s Unplanned release of energy and/or Hazardous material Personal Injury Property Damage re i D PPT-104 -01 3

Beliefs about Accident Causes Important element because it guides people’s thinking & actions when trying to recognize or solve safety problems. PPT-104 -01 4

Perceived Risk Levels An individual’s perception as it relates to a particular job or task: Ability to determine risks associated with the individual’s definition of his/her experience, history, training & communication, amount of control individual feels they have, …to the criteria they use to judge the situation. PPT-104 -01 5

Perception vs. Reality What do you see? PPT-104 -01 6

Safety Issues What did they see? PPT-104 -01 7

Heinrich’s Pyramid 1 29 Minor Injury 300 Near Miss Death or Serious Injury Bi in gg ju es ry t c pe au rc si en ng ta p ge ot o en f tia l! 3, 000 Unsafe Acts, Behaviors or Conditions PPT-104 -01 8

Incident Prevention 1. Hazard identification/recognition 2. Evaluation 3. Select a control method PPT-104 -01 9

Safety = Personal Safety is something that’s personal – it involves an individual making a conscious decision to work safely in the workplace or at home. PPT-104 -01 10

Safety Challenges 1. Attitudes 2. Competing Priorities 3. Hazard Awareness PPT-104 -01 11

The Four A’s of Safety • Attitudes • Awareness • Action • Accountability PPT-104 -01 12

Attitudes • It won’t happen to me! • I’ve been doing this job for 15 years … • I’m CAREFUL! • I don’t want to get (someone) in trouble! PPT-104 -01 13

BETARI BOX MODEL MY ATTITUDE AFFECTS MY BEHAVIOR YOUR BEHAVIOR AFFECTS YOUR ATTITUDE PPT-104 -01 14

Attitude PPT-104 -01 15

Safety as a Value Ø Safety part of your character Ø Think about safety Ø Talk about safety Ø Work safely Ø Safety as a habit PPT-104 -01 16

Safety Attitude Defined Ø Stay informed about safety Ø Follow safety rules and procedures Ø Identify hazards Ø Stay healthy, fit, and focused PPT-104 -01 17

Safety Awareness Safety awareness is a state of mind! PPT-104 -01 18

Safety Awareness Why develop a sense of safety awareness? Without it workers won’t: • Wear their PPE, or wear it properly • Be aware of the potential for injury or illness • Observe simple rules (such as good housekeeping) PPT-104 -01 19

Safety Awareness Without safety awareness employees may think about: - The next day’s schedule, - Mowing the lawn, - Evening activities Anything but safety. PPT-104 -01 20

Safety Awareness How Safety Awareness becomes a state of mind: • Treat safety as an important job responsibility • Plan each job before you start • Think about what could go wrong, and how you’ll prevent problems and incidents • Use SDS, protective clothing, proper equipment, read labels and other safety information PPT-104 -01 21

Safety Awareness-State of Mind • Know what to do in an emergency • Keep your work area clear of potential fire or tripping and falling hazards • Check tools and equipment before you use them PPT-104 -01 22

Commit to Safety At an employee level – an individual’s identification with, and involvement in, safety activities is often enhanced with involvement in decision making processes and engagement that affects safety in their jobs. PPT-104 -01 23

Human Factors and Safety Employee Responsibilities Include: § Recognizing safety hazards § Reporting safety hazards § Maintaining good housekeeping § Working safely § Using proper personal protective equipment § Making the most of safety training PPT-104 -01 24

Human Factors and Safety Human Factors Definition - What does Human Factors Causing Incidents mean? Human factors causing incidents are those factors directly attributable to the operator, worker or personnel involved in an incident. A number of human behavioral factors may contribute to the incidents. Safeopedia explains Human Factors Causing Incidents Human factors are responsible for about 90% of incidents that occur in a workplace. PPT-104 -01 25

Human Factors and Safety The following human factors are common causes of incidents: Memory - Memory lapse may occur at any time Judgment and reasoning power - May be reduced due to many factors Attention - Failure to remain attentive or lack of attention Delayed or false sensation of the sensory organs - Failed senses that could otherwise stimulate a response to avoid the incident PPT-104 -01 26

Human Factors and Safety Competence - Lack of competence and experience Skills - Skill level of individuals is important in any incident avoidance Personality - Some are compromising while others are hardliner Attitude - Negligence, arrogance, boldness and overconfidence etc. Risk perception - Poor risk perception due to poor knowledge and experience Individual characteristics - Anger, temper, curiosity, etc. PPT-104 -01 27

Safety Risks Safety Risk Not Willing Not Able Don’t Know PPT-104 -01 28

Prevention Measures Incidents that are caused due to human (personal) factors may be prevented or reduced by the following preventative measures: § Training and skill development § Education and awareness § Supervision, monitoring and controlling § Feedback and reports § Frequent inspections and audits PPT-104 -01 29

Safety Programs PPT-104 -01 30

Risk Assessment Take time to ask yourself simple risk assessment questions. If the risk is too great; STOP! Control the risk! Prevent the incident! • Why am I doing this? • What could go wrong? • How likely is it to happen? • How could it affect me or others? • What should I do about it? PPT-104 -01 31

Perceived Risk There are four separate groups of people who seek information differently based on their perceived risk: § Responsive individuals § Avoidant individuals § Proactive individuals § Indifferent individuals PPT-104 -01 32

Good Work Habits Ø Taking actions to protect yourself Ø Keep your work area clean Ø Keep aisles and stairs clear Ø Don’t have more than one file drawer open at a time Ø Have enough light to see what you are doing Ø Clean up spills promptly PPT-104 -01 33

Good Work Habits Ø Look around for anything that could go wrong Ø Use the right tool or equipment for the job Ø Keep focused on what you are doing Ø Respect electricity and power equipment Ø Wear proper personal protective equipment Ø Take personal responsibility for safety Bad Habits are easier to abandon today than tomorrow! PPT-104 -01 34

Leadership Intent Behaviour Adjustment Effect “Most people see leadership as the act of leading others. What if it is really the act of leading ourselves? ” Peter Urs Bender PPT-104 -01 35

Leadership “The only person you are destined to become is the person you decide to be. ” Ralph Waldo Emerson PPT-104 -01 36

The Key to Safety “The Key to Safety is You. ” Make safety a value in everything You do! PPT-104 -01 37

Questions to Ask Employees Personal Reflection Do you hold safety as a value, or a priority? Is your safety performance dictated by the need for compliance or by choice? Are you committed to working safely? PPT-104 -01 38

Values and Priorities Understanding how Values & Priorities affect our behavior Priority: Value: • Doesn’t easily change • Can and will change frequently • Not readily influenced by others or circumstances • Something that takes precedence over another • Takes a life change to change a value • Can be easily influenced by others or by circumstances PPT-104 -01 39

Choice and Compliance Understanding how Choice & Compliance affect our behavior Compliance: Choice: • Individual has the power to choose • Responsible for consequences • Comply due to consequences • Blame for consequences may be misdirected “You made me do it” “I wanted to do it” • Not easily influenced once made • Driven by our own value set • Behavior can easily be influenced • Driven by someone else’s priorities PPT-104 -01 40

Summary “When you are looking at the person in the mirror, you are looking at the person responsible for your safety. ” PPT-104 -01 41

The Bottom Line To Prevent an injury today from ruining your tomorrow: Remember the four 4 A’s for safety ! q Attitude q Awareness q Accountability q Action PPT-104 -01 42

Contact Information Health & Safety Training Specialists 1171 South Cameron Street, Room 324 Harrisburg, PA 17104 -2501 (717) 772 -1635 RA-LI-BWC-PATHS@pa. gov Like us on Facebook! - https: //www. facebook. com/BWCPATHS PPT-104 -01 43

Questions PPT-104 -01 44