Safety Requirements for Working on Shipboard Electrical Equipments
Safety Requirements for Working on Shipboard Electrical Equipments: Part 2
Lecturing 02 Review Name safety hazard with can be present when working on shipboard electrical equipment! n Name proper personal protective equipment (PPE) to be used when working on shipboard electrical equipment! n Describe overvoltage installation categories (IEC 1010 -1 Standard)! n
Pre Lecturing 03 Quiz n What is Lockout-Tagout (LOTO) Procedures n How Permit systems work? n What is earthing device and how to apply it safely? n Describe safety precaution when performing various maintenance or repair task on ship!
Log Out - Tag Out (LOTO) Procedures LOTO Procedures defines as safety procedure used in industry and research settings to ensure that dangerous machines are properly shut off and not able to be started up again prior to the completion of maintenance or repair work. (wikipedia) n It requires that hazardous energy sources be "isolated and rendered inoperative" before work is started on the equipment in question. The isolated power sources are then locked and a tag is placed on the lock identifying the worker who placed it. The worker then holds the key for the lock, ensuring that only he or she can remove the lock and start the machine. This prevents accidental startup of a machine while it is in a hazardous state or while a worker is in direct contact with it n
Six Steps of LOTO Safety & Lockout/Tagout Procedures n Preparation n Shutdown n Isolation n Lockout/tagout n Stored energy check n Isolation verification
n Preparation – The first step of locking and tagging out equipment for service and maintenance is to prepare. – During the preparation phase, the authorized employee must investigate and gain a complete understanding of all types of hazardous energy that might be controlled. In addition, it’s important to identify the specific hazards and of course means for controlling that energy.
n Shutdown – With planning complete, the actual process of powering down and locking out machines begins. – At this point, it’s time to shut down the machine or equipment that will be serviced or maintained. – Another important part of this step is to inform any employee affected by the shutdown, even if they won’t play a role in the service or maintenance.
n Isolation – The next step of the lockout/tagout procedure is to isolate the machine or equipment from any source of energy. – This may mean any number of things, such as turning off power at a breaker or shutting a valve.
n Log out - tag out – With the machine or equipment isolated from its energy source the next step of lockout/tagout is to actually lock and tag out the machine. It’s fair to say that this entire six-step process takes its name from this step. – During this step, the authorized employee will attach lockout and/or tagout devices to each energy-isolating device. The point is to apply the lockout device on the energy-isolating device in a way so it says in the “safe” position and cannot be moved to the unsafe position except by the person performing the lockout. – Tagout refers to applying a tag on the device as well. This tag includes the name of the person who performed the lockout and additional information.
n Stored Energy Check – Even after the energy source has been disconnected, in step 3 of the lockout safety process, and the machine has been locked out, in step 4, that doesn’t entirely guarantee that there’s no hazardous energy still stored within the machine or that it’s safe to perform maintenance. – At this time, it’s important to look for any hazardous energy that’s been “stored” within the machine, or any “residual” energy. During this phase, any potentially hazardous stored or residual energy must be releived, disconnected, restrained, or made non-hazardous in some other way.
n Isolation Verification – This last step is all about making sure. – Yes, you’ve shut down the machines, isolated them from their source of power, locked them out, and checked for hazardous stored energy. But now’s the time to double-check that you did it all right and it’s now safe to work on the machine or equipment. – At this point, an authorized employee verifies the machine has been properly isolated and de-energized.
https: //www. youtube. com/watch? v=Np 14 M 0 du 758
Job Safety Analysis (JSA) A job safety analysis (JSA) is a technique that focuses on job tasks as a way to identify hazards before they occur. It focuses on the relationship between the worker, the task, the tools, and the work environment. Ideally, after you identify uncontrolled hazards, you will take steps to eliminate or reduce them to an acceptable risk level. n JSA also known as Safe Work Method Statements (SWMS). written document that sets out the high risk work activities to be carried out at a workplace, the hazards and risks arising from these activities and the measures to be put in place to control the risks. Its primary purpose is to help supervisors and workers implement and monitor the control measures established at the workplace to ensure high risk work is carried out safely n JSA has 3 main elements: – Job Step (What are you going to do) – Potential Hazard (What can go wrong or cause harm) – Control measure (What are you going to do to make sure it doesn’t go wrong or cause harm) n n Check Sample Document
Task ! n Perform a JSA for Electrician task!
Work Permit System n refers to management systems used to ensure that work is done safely and efficiently. These are used in hazardous industries and involve procedures to request, review, authorise, document and most importantly, de-conflict tasks to be carried out by front line workers. Permit to work is an essential part of control of work (COW), the integrated management of business critical maintenance processes. Control of work is made up of permit to work, hazard identification and risk assessment (RA), and isolation management (IM). (Wikipedia)
Work Permit System n Permit to work is a core element of integrated safe system of work (ISSOW) systems, that along with risk assessment and isolation planning, enable as low as reasonably practicable (ALARP) reduction of unsafe activities in nontrivial work environments. Permit to work adherence is essential in process safety management.
https: //www. 70 econsultants. com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Rozel-Electrical-Work-Flow-Chart. pdf
https: //www. 70 econsultants. com/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/Rozel-Electrical-Work-Flow-Chart. pdf
Portable Earthing Device n An earthing system is a recognised set of components to perform the function of portable earthing for medium/high voltage cables. The components are assembled into either polyphase earthing systems (usually three phase) or single phase earthing systems.
n A portable earthing leads and system comprises of: 1. Line End Clamp or Clamps 2. Portable Earthing Leads 3. Earth End Clamp or Clamps 4. Short Circuiting Point (Trifurcating Plate) 5. Connecting Hardware 6. Insulating Sticks
n Portable Earthing Leads & Kits manufactured by CATU Electrical are for short-circuiting of medium/high voltage power cables and conductors including 11 k. V/33 k. V and 132 k. V.
n Prior to the issue of an Access Authority, appropriate earths must be applied to High Voltage Equipment. These are referred to as Access Authority earths under the Power System Safety Rules. Where fixed earthing switches are either not available or not suitable for the planned work, portable earths may be used. Such portable earths can be applied to: – – n overhead tranmission lines substations switchboards underground cables The objective of Portable Earthing Equipment is to provide a pathway for unanticipated electrical current to flow safely to earth. The current flowing through the earth causes protection systems to operate, tripping circuit breakers and so removing the source of electrical power supply.
n Electrical safety guidance about handling portable earthing equipment in substations or near transmission lines: – Always carry earthing equipment below shoulder level – Ensure that clamps and leads are kept a safe distance from any high voltage conductor – Assemble and inspect earthing equipment on the ground – Extend or prepare any earthing equipment such as shot gun sticks on the ground
Applying Portable Earthing Device
Marine Electrical Safety Tips n Make sure all electrical cables are physically inspected for any cuts, abrasions or if they are immersed in water due to clogging etc. The same should be notified and appropriate measures should be taken to rectify or report the fault so that it can be repaired in dry-docks. n If any sparks are noticed, be sure not to ignore them. They could lead to fire which is one of the deadliest enemies of the ship. It is better to nip this enemy in the bud rather than giving it a chance to spread.
Marine Electrical Safety Tips n Always use intrinsically safe equipment especially in places where the presence of spark can lead to disaster. n Never leave the marine wiring having loose connections or joints without proper insulation. This is known as Jury rigging or Jerry rigging (wrong-spelling) in nautical terms and refers to temporary unsatisfactory repairs as these could lead to problems and losses in the long run.
Marine Electrical Safety Tips n When carrying out maintenance or repair on any equipment make sure to switch off power from the main electrical panel and also make sure to put a notice near that switch which says that “work in progress – do not switch on". This would ensure that no over-enthusiastic person would come and switch on the power without bothering to check why it was off in the first place. n Wear proper protective gear when working with electrical machineries and follow all instructions, relevant checklists etc. Having understood the equation given in the introduction section, you will realize that since the current flowing also depends on resistance, if you provide an easy path for the current to flow by making your body wet or without much insulation, the current will be sufficiently higher than the minimum required value to harm you.
Marine Electrical Safety Tips n Electrical fires on board (even on land) require special handling and therefore everyone on the ship must be aware of how to react in case of electrical fires in terms of the fire extinguishers to be used and other steps to be followed. This can be drilled into the staff by carrying out regular safety drills which train the crew for such a situation n Extension cables should be secured properly without any knots of unnecessary bends. If possible try to roll it up in a nice manner uniformly and store in a dry place. n These few tips will go a long way to ensure that the marine electrical systems do not turn against you to harm you but act as your faithful servants.
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