Safety on Indian Railways Presented by Shri Naresh
Safety on Indian Railways Presented by: Shri Naresh Chand Goyal, Principal Executive Director Railway Board Sept. 2019
Key statistics OF Indian Railways : 2017 -18 Route length 68442 Kms Zones 17 + Konkan Railway Corporation Divisions 68 Railway Stations 7318 Locomotives 11764 Passenger service vehicles 65326 Other Coaching vehicles 6499 Wagons 279308 No. of Pass. Trains run daily 13452 Originating Passengers 8286 Million (Incl. 4665 Million Suburban) No. of Freight trains run daily 7000 Originating Freight loading 1159 MT 2
INDIAN RAILWAYS Items 1950 -51 2017 -18 %Variation Total Track (Kms) 90, 500 (1964 -65) 1, 236 +36. 2% Passenger Kms (In Millions) 66, 517 11, 77, 699 +1670. 5% Freight Carried (Million Tonnes) 73 1, 159. 55 +1488. 4% • Due to tremendous growth in traffic, infrastructure is highly stressed • Intense Freight-Passenger interaction on common infrastructure • High Density Corridor (Golden Quadrilateral + Diagonals) 16% of route Km carries 52% of passenger & 58 % of freight.
Accident Classification Ø Consequential Accidents: involving a Passenger / Goods train , with interruption to traffic and /or loss of Human life and Railway property 1. Collision 2. Fire in Trains 3. Level Crossing Accident 4. Derailment 5. Misc. Accidents (Trespassing, some fixed structures coming in contact with moving train etc. ) Ø Other Train accidents : involving Goods trains and interruption to traffic. Ø Indicative Accidents: having potential to convert to serious accident 1. Averted Collision 2. Breach of Block Rules 3. Signal Passing at Danger
Accident Classification Ø Yard Accidents : Accidents in yards, but do not involve a train. Ø Unusual Incidents : 1. Train Wrecking/Sabotage 2. Theft/Robbery in railway premises • Fire/Explosion in railway premises • Murder/Suicide in train or railway premises 1. Accidental falling of passenger from train 2. Persons run over or knocked down by train
§ Safety Management system on IR Safety on IR is the end product of • • • cohesive functioning of various departments health of fixed and moving assets human element § Individual Departments (Civil, Electrical, Mechanical, Signal & Telecom, Traffic etc. ), define their own Safety Standards, via Manuals and instructions § Each Department, has laid down system and processes to Monitor its Safety parameters and maintenance schedules through staff under their control through multi-level inspections § Each Department is fully responsible for compliance and the upkeep of its assets as per laid down safety standards. § Training requirements and schedules of training are also defined by each department and done through training institutes. § All employees and officers are responsible for ensuring safety in their effective jurisdiction and assigned duties. 6
Commission of Railway Safety (CRS) : under Ministry of Civil Aviation Commission is a statutory body under the Railways Act, 1989 on safety of train operation and travel. • Functions are Inspectorial, Investigatory and Advisory. • Fitness of New Lines and Rolling Stock: New Railway lines with a view to determine their fitness for opening to Public Carriage of Passengers and report thereof to the Central Government. • Sanction of Minor Works affecting safety on Passenger carrying lines. • Sanction/Examination for introduction of Rolling Stock on any section of the Railway. • Schedule of Dimensions Examination of Condonation of infringements to Schedule of Dimensions. • Inspection Periodical Inspection of open lines. • Investigations into Serious Railway Accidents • One CCRS (Chief Commissioner of Railway Safety) & nine CRSs looking after various zones.
Safety : Trend of Accidents – Historical Perspective • Continuous reduction in train accidents • Decrease in Accidents per million train kms. (APMTKM) • Drastic reduction in Fire accidents and Level crossing accidents. Year Collision Derail ments LC Accidents Fire Misc. Total APMTKM 1960 -61 130 1415 181 405 - 2131 5. 50 1970 -71 59 648 121 12 - 840 1. 80 1980 -81 69 825 90 29 - 1013 2. 00 1990 -91 41 446 36 9 - 532 0. 86 2000 -01 20 350 84 17 2 473 0. 65 2010 -11 5 80 53 2 1 141 0. 15 2011 -12 9 55 61 4 2 131 0. 12 2012 -13 6 49 58 9 - 122 0. 11 2013 -14 4 53 51 7 3 118 0. 10 2014 -15 5 63 56 6 5 135 0. 11 2015 -16 3 65 35 - 4 107 0. 10 2016 -17 5 78 20 1 - 104 0. 09 2017 -18 3 54 13 3 - 73 0. 06 2018 -19 - 46 06 06 01 59 0. 05 8
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Type wise Consequential Train Accidents on IR (last 5 years) (2014 -15 to 2018 -19 & 2019 -20 : up to 31 st August, 2019) 1 st April to 31 st August Type of Accident 201415 201516 201617 201718 201819 201920 Collisions 5 3 - - 3 (2/P + 1/G) Derailments 63 65 78 54 46 MLC 6 6 - 3 3 2 (1/P+1/G) 1 (P) -50. 0 UMLC 50 29 20 10 3 3 (P) - -100. 0 Fire 6 - 1 3 6 2 (P) 5 (P) +150. 0 Misc. 5 4 - - 1 1 (P) - -100. 0 Total 135 107 104 73 59 23 22 (16/P+ 7/G) (13/P+9/G) 13 31 (23/P+8/G) (21/P+10/G) % vari. -4. 3 -
Department wise analysis Consequential Train Accidents (2014 -15 to 2018 -19 & 2019 -20 : up to 31 st Aug, 2019 ) Department Responsible 1 st April to 31 st Aug. 2014% 2015% 2016% 2017% 2018% 15 Share 16 Share 17 Share 18 Share 19 Share 2018 - 2019% Vari. 19 20 ENGG (P-way) 31. 5 23. 3 33. 8 31. 6 39 37. 5 24. 8 34. 0 23 39. 7 10. 5 0. 0 ROLL. STOCK 15. 5 11. 5 12 11. 2 8. 3 8. 0 5. 8 7. 9 6. 5 11. 2 2. 5 3. 3 +32. 0 TRACTION 7. 5 5. 6 4. 5 4. 2 10. 3 9. 9 9. 8 13. 4 4 6. 9 3 3. 8 +26. 7 SIG_TEL 1 0. 7 2. 8 2. 6 2. 3 2. 2 1. 1 1. 5 3 5. 2 2 1 -50. 0 TFC / COML 9. 5 7. 0 5. 3 5. 0 6. 6 6. 3 5. 3 7. 3 6. 5 11. 2 4 0. 8 -80. 0 NONE_HELD 2 1. 5 - - - INCIDENTAL 8 5. 9 9 8. 4 7 6. 7 5 6. 8 6 10. 3 3 1 -66. 7 SABOTAGE 3 2. 2 1 0. 9 2 1. 9 2 2. 7 - 0. 0 - - - FORS (Failure of other than Rly. Staff) 57 42. 2 38. 5 36. 0 24. 5 23. 6 19 26. 0 9 15. 5 6 2. 5 -58. 3 AWAITED - - 4 3. 8 - - 1 3. 4 - 8 - TOTAL 135 - 107 - 104 - 73 - 59 - 31 31 -
Casualties in Consequential Train Accidents from 2014 -15 to 2018 -19 & 2019 -20 (up to 31 st Aug, 2019) 2014 -15 Type of Accident No. of Acdts Killed 2015 -16 2016 -17 2017 -18 2018 -19 01/04/18 - 01/04/1931/08/18 31/08/19 No. of Killed Killed Acdts. Collision 5 15 3 1 5 5 3 - - Derailment 63 104 65 36 78 193 54 29 46 13 23 MLC 6 31 6 12 - - 3 3 3 4 UMLC 50 130 29 58 20 40 10 26 3 Fire 6 - - - 1 - 3 - Misc. 5 12 4 15 - - 73 Total 135 292 107 122 104 238 3 3 - 22 - 2 3 1 1 16 3 16 - - 6 3 2 1 5 - - 1 1 - - 58 59 37 31 21 31 4
COMPENSATION LIABILITY OF RAILWAYS The liability of Railways for payment of compensation is defined in Chapter-XIII (under Section 124 & 124 -A) of the Railways Act, 1989. Section 124 (Summary) - Compensation is payable to passengers who are injured or to the dependents of those passengers who die as a result of passenger Train Accident. Compensation is also payable for loss, damage of goods, owned by the passenger and accompanying him in his compartment or on the train. Section 124 -A (Summary) - Compensation is payable for loss of life or injuries to passengers holding tickets or pass who become victims of Untoward Incidents such as terrorist acts, violent attack, robbery, dacoity, rioting, shootout or arson by any person in or on any train carrying passengers, or in a waiting hall, cloak room or reservation or booking office or on any platform or in any place within precincts of a railway station or the accidental falling of any passengers from a train carrying passengers. Provided that no compensation shall be payable under this Section by the Railway administration if the passenger dies or suffers injury due to – (a) Suicide or attempted suicide by him; (b) Self-inflicted injury; (c) His own criminal act; (d) Any act committed by him in a state of intoxication or insanity; (e) Any natural cause or disease or medical or surgical treatment unless such treatment becomes necessary due to injury caused by the said untoward incident. 13
Tools for Preventive checks • • • Breath analyser; Track Management System; Crew management System; Event recorders and speedometer charts; Data logger reports; Wheel Impact Load Detector; Electronic way Bridges; Operating instructions for overloaded wagons; Equipment Failure Reporting and analysis; Adequate punishment for habitual defaulters. 14
MOCK DRILLS Drills (With NDRF as well) provide virtually the only means, short of an actual incident, of measuring the state of readiness and of testing the effectiveness of an emergency response plan. Ø Ø To evaluate response. To improve coordination within departments. To identify the efficacy of SOPs. To enhance the ability to respond faster. 15
Safety Challenges How to reduce Collision, Derailments, Fire and accidents at Level crossings? § Technological Up gradation of assets and adopting latest maintenance practises with planned blocks and laid down output of machines. § Moving from a periodic maintenance schedule to need based maintenance, and developing on-board and way-side defect detection and alarm system so as to improve asset reliability. § Training of the railway staff to be made more effective and relevant based on learning from mistakes. § Development and implementation of a reliable ATP and TCAS (train collision avoidance system) for various types of rolling stock and to eliminate SPADS (Signal passing at danger) and collision cases on Indian Railways. § Interdepartmental Coordination & Cooperation – diverging requirements § Improving material management of critical safety items As on 01. 04. 2019 there are ‘No’ Unmanned Level Crossings on Broad Gauge over Indian Railways.
Action taken to reduce Collision Improving Signaling system and Telecommunication - • Electrical/Electronic Interlocking System , Complete Track Circuiting , Axle Counter for Automatic clearance of Block Section (BPAC), Interlocking of Level Crossing Gates, Interlocking of Signaling to Std-II(R). • Technological aids of Automatic Train Protection System to Drivers (Loco Pilots) to avoid collisions have been progressively adopted on Indian Railways keeping priority for high density routes/ suburban sections within the constraints of resources. These technological aids are: • TPWS (Train Protection and Warning System) and TCAS (Train Collision Avoidance System) to prevent accidents due to over speeding & Signal Passing at Danger (SPAD). • European Train Control System (ETCS): Indian Railways have adopted or are continuously introducing new technologies such as Electronic Interlocking at all Interlocked Broad Gauge Stations on Indian Railways, Automatic Train Protection (ATP) system based on European Train Control System Level 2 (ETCS-L 2) in the entire BG route.
Action taken to reduce Collision Safety measures taken for aiding the Loco Pilot - • Fog PASS Device: Global Positioning System (GPS) based ‘FOG PASS’ device has been developed by RDSO, which displays the name and distance of approaching signals and other critical landmarks in advance during poor visibility. 6940 Nos. Fog Pass Devices have been commissioned over 06 Zonal Railways. • Vigilance Control Device (VCD): VCD is designed and manufactured to enhance the safety of the passengers by ensuring the alertness of loco pilots every 60 seconds based on intermittent inputs through the device. This device has been declared as critical safety device. VCDs have been provided on all Diesel locomotives. • Remote Monitoring and Management of Locomotives and Trains (REMMLOT) - REMMLOT enables remote monitoring of Diesel Locomotives. It enables analysis of lapses on part of the loco pilot, whenever it is reported to have passed a signal at danger. This enables focused counseling and training of such crew, who are prone to unsafe working. The above system is already running on nearly 3502 locomotives. Further, additional 1000 nos. has been sanctioned in RSP 2018 -19.
Action taken to reduce Fire • Improving Fire Retardancy in Coaches - A new parameter related to fire retardancy called Heat Release Rate (HRR) has been added in the material specification of all major specifications, as per latest international norms. • Provision of Automatic Fire and Smoke Detection System in Coaches A pilot project for field trial with Automatic Fire and Smoke Detection system was taken up in one rake of New Delhi- Bhubaneswar Rajdhani. RSP sanction for provision of Automatic Fire and Smoke Detection System in 3250 Coaches has been taken and work has been completed in more than 200 coaches. • Provision of Water mist type Fire Suppression in Pantry cars and Power cars - Sanction under RSP exists for the provision of Automatic Fire Detection and Suppression system in 150 LHB Pantry cars and 225 LHB Power cars. • Provision of Fire Extinguishers - Dry chemical powder type fire extinguishers are being provided in all Mainline trains.
Improving human resource by Training • In order to improve the inter-personal skills of the frontline staff of Indian Railways and to equip them for interacting with the rail users in a courteous manner in Customer Care training. • Yoga and Meditation lessons have been introduced in training centres with an aim to help railway men in coping with the stresses involved with their jobs. • Some of the other Specialized Courses run by the Training Centres include Disaster Management, Management Development Programme for Supervisors, Safety Oriented Course for Permanent Way supervisors, Air brake Operations Training for Guards and Drivers, Inspection and Rehabilitation of Bridges for Junior Engineers/Senior Section Engineers(Permanent Way)/ Bridge/Works. • Apart from in-house training, railway employees are also sent foreign trainings under transfer of technology and are also provided inputs through leading training institutes within India. • For improving health condition of employees associated with operation and safety, Medical Department conducts Periodical Medical Examination of such employees at the given interval. Medical Department also conducts wellness camps at work places to assess the medical condition of Staff associated with Rail Operations. 20
r a k s h a K o s h ( R R S • ‘Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh (RRSK)’ with a corpus of Rs 1 lakh crores for five years has been set up and an outlay of Rs 20000 crores was provided in 2017 -18. • In 2017 -18, an expenditure of Rs. 16, 019 crore has been incurred. • An outlay of Rs. 20, 000 crore has been allocated in Revised Estimates 2018 -19 also, against which expenditure of approximately Rs. 18, 000 crore has been incurred.
e f o l l o w i n g a r e a • • • Traffic Facilities-Yard Remodelling and Others Rolling Stock Road Safety Works-Level Crossings Road Safety Works-Road Over/Under Bridges Track Renewals Bridge Works Signalling & Telecom Works Other Electrical Works Traction Distribution Works Machinery and Plant Workshops including Production Units Training/HRD
Kakodkar Committee Implementation of High Level Safety Review Committee Kakodkar Committee Total Implemented so far To be implemented Total Recommendations 106 Fully accepted 75 66 09 Partially accepted 20 18 02 Not accepted 11
Thank you
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