S T N T I L R E

S T N T I L R E E M E N L E IO Y T R A FIC IN

Setting refers to the time and place where the story occurs. A story can have more than one setting. Details that describe a setting: ü Furniture ü Scenery ü Customs ü Transportation ü Clothing ü Dialects ü Weather ü Time of day ü Time of year

“ALL SUMMER IN A DAY”-SETTING Venus, the planet on which the story takes place, is the second planet from the sun.

“ALL SUMMER IN A DAY”-SETTING The planet experiences constant rain. There are tidal waves, hurricaneforce winds, thunder and lightning at all times, with the exception of two hours every seven years.

“ALL SUMMER IN A DAY”-SETTING The population lives in underground rooms, connected by tunnels. The only "sunlight" the people get is from sunlamps.

THE FUNCTIONS OF A SETTING ØTo create a mood or atmosphere ØTo show a reader a different way of life ØTo make action seem more real ØTo be the source of conflict or struggle ØTo symbolize an idea

Characterization • A character is a persona or role played in a novel, play or movie. • We learn about their beliefs, hopes, values, fears, strengths, weaknesses, and talents through the story • We can learn more about the characters by asking: • How do they conduct themselves? • What do they say and do to reveal themselves? • What do others say and do about them? What are your feelings?

Types of Characterization • Dynamic - A dynamic character is a person who changes over time, usually as a result of resolving a central conflict or facing a major crisis. • Static - A static character is someone who does not change over time; his or her personality does not transform or evolve.

Protagonist or Antagonist Protagonist - The protagonist is the central person in a story, always the main character. Antagonist - The antagonist is the character(s) who oppose the main character. **The protagonist is NOT always the “good guy”

“ALL SUMMER IN A DAY”- CHARACTERIZATION The Protagonist: Margot is a delicate and pale child, one who keeps to herself. Having moved to Venus at the age of 4, she can remember life without the constant drumming of raindrops, life with golden sunshine. Because the other children have only memories of Venus and its wet atmosphere, they cannot understand Margot and her longing for a different life. This difference in perspectives creates in Margot an easy target for bullying; it also causes her to remain apart from the other 9 -year-olds, giving her an air of loneliness and sadness The Antagonist: William is the main bully, the character who might be said to embody the feelings of the rest of the children and the one who goads them on. Acting, perhaps, from a sense of jealousy and the inability to understand Margot, he speaks harshly to her and shoves her, encouraging the other children to treat her in the same hostile manner. Bradbury does not describe William’s physical characteristics, so the character might be understood to be a type for bullies’ actions, not their appearances.

“ALL SUMMER IN A DAY”- CHARACTERIZATION The Antagonist’s Support: The Children Margot and William are the only named characters in the story, with the rest of the students in the classroom being referred to as the children. These children are followers; they support William’s actions and don't consider how their actions will affect Margot. Their thoughtlessness doesn’t extend merely to Margot, either. By following William blindly, they don’t consider the impact their actions might have on their own feelings. They are creatures of the moment, and they experience enjoyment and displeasure according to the nature of the strongest stimulus in front of them.

Plot is the basic sequence of events in a story. In conventional stories, plot has five parts: exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution.

1. EXPOSITION This usually occurs at the beginning of a short story. Here the characters are introduced. We also learn about the setting of the story. Most importantly, we are introduced to the main conflict (main problem).

2. RISING ACTION This part of the story begins to develop the conflict(s). A building of interest or suspense occurs and leads to the climax. Complications arise

3. CLIMAX This is the turning point of the story. Usually the main character comes face to face with a conflict. The main character will change in some way. This is the most intense moment.

4. FALLING ACTION Action that follows the climax and ultimately leads to the resolution

5. RESOLUTION The conclusion; all loose ends are tied up. Either the character defeats the problem, learns to live with the problem, or the problem defeats the character.

PUTTING IT ALL TOGETHER 1. Exposition Beginning of Story 2. Rising Action Middle of Story 3. Climax 4. Falling Action 5. Resolution End of Story

T O ER M M U M S A L R L A IAG D IN A Y A D L P -

EXPOSITION The other students see Margot as different. She is very introverted and meek. Unlike the other children, Margot only came from Earth four years ago. She remembers (and misses) the sun. She is devastated by her move to Venus because of the constant rain.

RISING ACTION The children excitedly talk about the sun. They make paintings and poems about it. None but Margot remember the sun, because seven years ago, when it last stopped raining, they were only two years old. Margot was four when she moved from Earth.

CLIMAX Just before the sun emerges and the rain subsides for the two-hour reprieve, the students lock Margot in a closet. The rain stops and they instantly forget about her. They go outside to play in the wild Venusian jungle, leaving Margot behind.

FALLING ACTION As Margot screams and cries in the closet, knowing that she is missing the only chance at seeing the sun for the next seven years, the children laugh and play, absorbing the fleeting moments of sunshine. Then the thunder booms and a raindrop is felt.

RESOLUTION As the children file back into the underground world, relishing the time in the warmth of the sun, one of the students remembers Margot. They all stop and very slowly open the door to let out the now silent and completely devastated Margot.

• Conflict- A serious disagreement, argument or dispute (2 types) • Internal Conflict- a struggle within a character’s mind. This kind of conflict happens when a character must deal with opposing thoughts or feelings. • External Conflict- a struggle between a character and an outside force. This force might be another character, a group of characters, or

Man vs Self OR Character vs Self The conflict between Man and his/herself occurs when a figure develops an internal struggle between his/her thoughts and ideas.

Man Vs. Man OR Character vs Character In this conflict, two people or characters are in conflict with each other.

Man vs Nature OR Character vs Nature In this type of conflict, there is a force from nature such as a hurricane, trying to survive in the wilderness that is going against the main character.

Man vs Society OR Character vs Society When the main character is going up against society of the government. Conflicts in a Story Video

“ALL SUMMER IN A DAY”- CONFLICT

THEME Ø The theme is the central, general message, the main idea, the controlling topic about life or people the author wants to get across through a literary work Ø To discover theme of a story, think big. What big message is the author trying to say about the world in which we live? Ø What is this story telling me about how life works, or how people behave?

THE THEME IS ALSO the practical lesson ( moral) that we learn from a story after we read it. The lesson that teaches us what to do or how to behave after you have learned something from a story or something that has happened to you. Example: The lesson or teaching of the story is be careful when you’re offered something for nothing. THEME is THE MESSAGE PLOT is A LOT

“ALL SUMMER IN A DAY”- THEME