s e v a s s W de

s e v a s s W de nt nce? e i r e T rr diffe u C ’s the W t a h

Wave. S Definition: • • A form of energy moving through water Created by energy being transferred from the wind through the water

Causes of waves 1. Strength of the wind 1. Length of time the wind blows 1. Distance over which the wind blows

Examples of waves: BREAKER WAVES AT THE BEACH Surfers ride breaker waves to the beach. (Microsoft Clip Art)

Waves during a storm During a Storm, waves can get very large and strong (Microsoft Clip Art

Tsunami waves result from earthquakes releasing energy underwater (Microsoft Clip Art)

Misc. Info about waves: Parts of a wave: Trough = bottom Crest = top Wavelength = horizontal distance between crests Wave Height = vertical distance between crest & trough http: //soschem. blogspot. com/2009/ 11/parts-of-wave-diagram. html

TIDes Definition: • The rise and fall of Earth’s water on its coastlines (Microsoft Clip Art)

Causes of tides: Gravitation al pull of the SUN & MOON http: //ircamera. as. arizona. edu/Nat. Sci 102/movies/tides 2. gif

Examples of Tide cycles: Daily Tide Cycle: HIGH & LOW – 2 times each day 12 hours apart

http: //www. michaeltaylor. ca/Culture/hopewell-high-low. jpg

Examples of tide cycles: Monthly Tide Cycle: SPRING – During Full & New Moons Makes a straight line with the sun, moon & earth

http: //www. askaboutireland. ie/learning-zone/primarystudents/subjects/environment/sea-time-story/tides/spring-tides-neaptides/

Examples of Tide cycles: Monthly Tide Cycles: NEAP – 1 st & 3 rd Quarter Moons Makes a 90° angle “like a bent knee”

NEAP TIDE S http: //kayalsky. com/images/faqs_tides_3. jpg

Misc. info about tides: If it’s low tide at 4 am, when will the next low tide occur? 4 pm (they happen 12 hours apart!) Draw a picture of the Moon, Earth & Sun aligned during a SPRING TIDE: Draw a picture of the Moon, Earth & Sun aligned during a NEAP TIDE:

Currents Definition: Large streams of water flowing through the oceans

Causes of currents: Coriolis Effect & Temperature Surface currents are driven by the wind.

Examples of currents: Coriolis Effect – the spin of Earth on its axis makes winds & currents move: Northern Hemisphere = clockwise current movement Southern Hemisphere = counter clockwise current movement

Coriolis effect causes currents to move in specific directions http: //www. pinellascounty. org/newsletters/elert/images/feb_2010/coriolis-effect. jpg

Temperature affects currents Warm currents near the equator flow towards the poles, Then cold, dense water flows back towards the equator, causing convection currents

Convection currents in the oceans http: //www. nature-education. org/currents. gif

Misc. info. About currents: RIP CURRENT – rush of water that flows rapidly back to sea through a narrow opening in a sandbar http: //www. buoybuddy. net/Rip_Current_Diagram. html

Misc. Info About currents: UPWELLING – When wins blow warm water away, allowing cold water to rise & fill the space Brings nutrients & fish towards the surface http: //www. pnas. org/content/105/ 6/1965/F 1. large. jpg