s a G l a e Id w

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s a G l a e Id w a L 1

s a G l a e Id w a L 1

Ideal Gas Equation Boyle’s law: P a 1 (at constant n and T) V

Ideal Gas Equation Boyle’s law: P a 1 (at constant n and T) V Charles’s law: V a T (at constant n and P) Avogadro’s law: V a n (at constant P and T) V a n. T P n. T V = constant x = R P P R is the gas constant PV = n. RT 2

The conditions 0 0 C and 1 atm are called standard temperature and pressure

The conditions 0 0 C and 1 atm are called standard temperature and pressure (STP). Experiments show that at STP, 1 mole of an ideal gas occupies 22. 414 L. PV = n. RT (1 atm)(22. 414 L) PV R= = n. T (1 mol)(273. 15 K) 3

Example Sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6) is a colorless and odorless gas. Due to its

Example Sulfur hexafluoride (SF 6) is a colorless and odorless gas. Due to its lack of chemical reactivity, it is used as an insulator in electronic equipment. Calculate the pressure (in atm) exerted by 1. 82 moles of the gas in a steel vessel of volume 5. 43 L at 69. 5°C.

Density (d) Calculations n = P V RT n= m M m = P

Density (d) Calculations n = P V RT n= m M m = P so MV RT d= m V PM d= RT m is the mass of the gas in g M is the molar mass of the gas Molar Mass (M ) of a Gaseous Substance d. RT M = P d is the density of the gas in g/L 5

Example Calculate the density of carbon dioxide (CO 2) in grams per liter (g/L)

Example Calculate the density of carbon dioxide (CO 2) in grams per liter (g/L) at 0. 990 atm and 55°C.

Example 5. 9 A chemist has synthesized a greenish-yellow gaseous compound of chlorine and

Example 5. 9 A chemist has synthesized a greenish-yellow gaseous compound of chlorine and oxygen and finds that its density is 7. 71 g/L at 36°C and 2. 88 atm. Calculate the molar mass of the compound and determine its molecular formula.