Russian Revolution Causes l Landless peasantry l Absolute

Russian Revolution

Causes l Landless peasantry l Absolute monarchy l Military inadequately supplied – losing World War I l Defeat in a war with Japan

Russian Revolution – March Revolution l Czar abdicated l Duma (representative assembly) Russian Republic (liberal constitution) l Provisional government continued war against Germany (bad decision) www. yahoo. com

Russian Revolution – November Revolution l Lenin and the Bolsheviks (communists) l Lenin organized the communist takeover of Russia l Communism – government owns and operates the means of production l Executed both the Czar and his family l Lenin signed Treaty of Brest-Litovsk – got Russia out of World War I

Lenin’s Promise Bread l Land l Peace, Land, and Bread l

Lenin Builds a Communist State l New Economic Policy (NEP) – state controlled banks, foreign trade, and large industries while small businesses are owned and operated by individuals (socialism) – worked improved Russian economy

Lenin Builds a Communist State l Seen as temporary retreat from communism l Lenin dies and Stalin comes to power in the Soviet Union, www. wikkiped ia. org

Five Year Plan l Goal – make Soviet Union a modern industrial power by building heavy industry, improving transportation, and increasing farm output l How – Command Economy government controls all economic activity (communism)

Five Year Plan - Results l Oil, coal, and steel production grew l Mining expanded and new railroads were built l Standard of living remained poor l Wages were low

Revolution in Agriculture Collectivism Goal – end peasant ownership of small plots of land l How – peasants could keep only homes and personal belongings and had to give up land (two choices – live on state owned farms or collectives – farms owned and operated by peasants as a group) l Results – did not improve farm output (grain production grew slightly while meat, vegetables, and fruits remained in short supply) l

Great Purge Goal – seek out and destroy anyone who might weaken Stalin’s power (writers, intellectuals, heroes, etc…) l How – Secret Police (rounded up people), Show Trials (people confessed to all kinds of crimes against the government due to torture) l Results – people sent to labor camps in Siberia or executed increased Stalin’s power l Stalin l

Totalitarianism Stalin establishes a totalitarian state (Soviet Union) l Totalitarianism state a one-party dictator (Stalin) attempts to regulate every aspect of the lives of its citizens l

Propaganda Radios, movies, theaters, etc… l Emphasized communist success l Capitalism is evil l

Censorship l Government controlled what books were published, what music was heard, etc…

Communist Ideology Sacred texts – Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx l Shrine – tomb of Lenin l Portraits of Stalin replaced religious icons l Religion l

War on Religion l Atheism – belief in no god l Destroy religious organization in the Soviet Union www, stbasil. com

Secret Police l Rounded up the accused l Sought out people who might threaten Stalin’s power