Russia monarchs Ivan IV Ivan the Terrible 1547
Russia monarchs
• Ivan IV (Ivan the • • • Terrible) 1547 -1584 First to assume title of tsar Battled boyars for power Zemsky Sobor – council of nobles 1552 defeated Kazan Khanate succeeded by son Feodor
• Feodor I 1584 -1598 – last reigning Rirkids/Rurik Dynasty • (no picture) • Failure to have children led to Time of Troubles • Succeeded by brother-in-law Boris Godunov
• Boris Godunov • • 1598 -1605 Russian Orthodox Church gained independence from patriarch in Constantinople succeeded by son Feodor II
1960 s Cold War Cartoon “Rocky and Bullwinkle” • As Rocky the Flying Squirrel and Bullwinkle J. Moose worked for the US during the Cold War – their Soviet counterparts were Boris Badenov and Natasha Fatale and Fearless Leader
• Feodor II 1605 – • murdered by boyars soon after taking power succeeded by False Dmitri
• "False" Dmitri 1605 • -1606 Imposter who claimed to be son of Ivan IV – overthrown and murdered
• Vasili IV 1606 -1610 – assumed power after death of False Dmitri - overthrown
• TIME OF TROUBLES • • • years of political chaos with few real rulers and invasion of the nation by Poles, Swedes, and internal uprisings Seven Boyars 1610 Wladyslaw IV Vasa 1610 -1612 – elected tsar – never took title INTERREGNUM
• HOUSE OF • • ROMANOV Michael I 16131645 – elected tsar by national assembly 1613 Succeeded by his son Alexis
• Aleksei/Alexis/Alexei 1645 -1676 • succeeded by his son Feodor III
• Feodor III 1676 -1682 • Abandoned "place priority" – • • burned pedigree books His death led to the Moscow Streltsy Uprising – based in part on rivalries between the families of Alexis I's wives – led to the joint rule of two of Alexis I's sons. succeeded by his brother Ivan V and his half-brother Peter I as joint rulers
• Ivan V 1682 -1696 – • • • joint ruler with Peter I Initial rule was in the hands of the sister of the two boys Sophia Alekseyevna Power was actually in Peter's hands succeeded by his halfbrother Peter the Great
• Peter I 1682 -1721 PETER THE • • • GREAT – title EMPEROR 17211725 WESTERNIZATION Brought Russia from Muscovite Russia to European Russia Early fear of Streltsy Expansionism: Tatars, Kiev, Crimean Khan, and Ottoman Sultanate Azov Campaign Grand Embassy 1697 1698 Streltsy Rebellion GREAT NORTHERN WAR St. Petersburg Succeeded by his wife Catherine I
• Catherine I 1725 • • 1727 wife of Peter I humble origins – given power when Peter I failed to name successor
• Peter II 1727 -1730 • grandson of Peter I • • through his son Alexei Petrovich ignored by Peter I and Catherine I – died of small pox – his wife was pushed into his bed while he lay dying of small pox in an attempt to produce an heir succeeded by his cousin Anna
• Anna 1730 -1740 • daughter of Ivan V • Ruled through secret • • police War of Polish Succession Succeeded by her grandnephew Ivan VI
• Ivan VI 1740 -1741 • great-grandson of • • Ivan V overthrown at age one – coup d'etat as the "nameless one" murdered 1764
• Elizabeth 1741 -1762 • • • daughter of Peter the Great Took power in coup d'etat War of Austrian Succession Seven Years' War Arch enemy of Frederick the Great of Prussia succeeded by her nephew Peter III
• Peter III 1762 • son of Anna Petrovna – • • daughter of Peter the Great and Catherine I Mentally "immature" at best Pro-Prussia Hated wife and her allies Overthrown and murdered by Grigori Orlov his wife's military lover – succeeded by his wife Catherine II
• Catherine II – CATHERINE • • • THE GREAT 1762 -1796 born Sophie Augusta Fredericka von Anhalt-Zerbst Assumed power in coup d'etat after revolt of the Leib Guard EXPANSION – in all directions 1 st Russo-Turkish War 1768 2 nd Russo-Turkish War 1787 Russo-Swedish War 1788 Partition of Poland Grigori Potemkin Enlightened Despot The Hermitage Succeeded by son Paul I
• Paul I 1796 -1801 • Pauline Laws • Second Coalition against • • Napoleon Assassinated – probably with knowledge of son and heir Alexander I Succeeded by son Alexander I
• Alexander I 1801 -1825 • Attempted political and social reform • Relations with Napoleon: • Tilsit 1807 • Treaty of Vienna 1810 • 1812 Napoleon's invasion of • • • Russia Troppau Protocol Congress of Vienna Holy Alliance Revolt of the Greeks His death and the refusal of his brother Konstantin to take power led tot eh DECEMBRIST REVOLT Succeeded by his brother(s) Konstantin and Nicholas I
• (Konstantin • • Pavlovich Nov. -Dec. 1825 – renounced throne) son of Paul I – his renunciation of throne led to the DECEMBRIST REVOLT
• • Nicholas I 1825 -1855 Decembrist Revolt Russification Secret police Pan-Slavism Crimean War Married Charlotte of Prussia – daughter of Frederick William III of Prussia Succeeded by son Alexander II
• Alexander II 1855 • • • 1881 Grandson of Frederick William III of Prussia Crimean War Emancipation of the serfs – Emancipation Edict 1861 Assassinated by nihilists in St. Petersburg Succeeded by his son Alexander III
• Alexander III 1881 -1894 • married Dagmar (Marie) of • • Denmark – daughter of Christian IX of Denmark Pogroms – Pale of Settlement Secret police Pan-Slavism Treaty of San Stefano Bulgaria zemstvo Succeeded by son Nicholas II
• Nicholas II 1894 -1917 • • • abdicated executed 1918 Married Alix (Alexandra) of Hesse – granddaughter of Queen Victoria Pogroms Trans-Siberian Railway Russo-Japanese War October Manifesto Duma Revolution of 1905 Tsarevich Alexei Rasputin WORLD WAR ONE Nicky-Willy Telegrams February Revolution
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