RULEBASED OBJECTORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS RULEBASED

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS RULE-BASED OBJECTORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Otto Anker Nielsen (oan@ctt. dtu. dk) Research Professor, Ph. D. Centre for Traffic and Transport Technical University of Denmark Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS The Presentation • • The project Background Object oriented approaches The data model Elements of the Transport Object Platform Examples Utilising TOP in transit assignment procedures Advantages / summary Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS The project 1. Internally funded development project 2. Developed in cooperation between WS Atkins, the Technical University of Denmark and ESRI 3. Aim: Making it possible to handle complex, multi-modal transportation data in a GIS 4. On top of that: Advanced analysis and modelling tools Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Background Practical Experience (CRM) Research (BRIDGES) TOP Technology Available (Arc. GIS) Research (SPOTLIGHT) Market Opportunity Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Typical problems in prior GIS Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Background – East Denmark Model (CRM) • A detailed traffic model covering half of Denmark • Timetables (all runs with about 2, 500 lines ~ 0. 4 mio. stops, 30, 000 stop groups and 4 mio. pseudo arcs) Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Background - CRM • • Complex dataflow, Difficult to maintain consistency Separate models used proprietary data formats Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Background - Technology Newest generation of GIS is: • Object Oriented • Flexible - new and customisable data models, etc. • Extensible & Programmable - embedded functionality • Open - Standard DBMS, COM, VBA etc. • Offers advanced features - tools, versioned editing etc. It is now possible to create new topological objects, design new data models and embed functionality! Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Object oriented approaches (1) Objects encapsulates: – Properties – Functionalities – Events Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Object oriented approaches (2) Objects can: – – Inherit properties and functionalities Be grouped together (within or between classes) Be related to each other (within or between classes) In Arc. Info they can also follow connectivity rules to each other Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS The Transport Object Platform consists of • Conceptual model • Data model • Programmed functionality in data objects • Editing and Visualization tools • Advanced modelling and analysis tools Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Data model (1) Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Data model (2) TOP Conceptual Overview Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Data model (3) TOP Conceptual Overview Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Data model (4) Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Data model (5) ESRI Classes: : Simple. Junction. Feature ESRI Classes: : Simple. Edge. Feature ESRI Classes: : Object DEMAND Terminator Matrix. Element ROUTE NETWORK Matrix Discrete. Run Transport. Junction Change. Edge Turn PHYSICAL NETWORK Run Frequency. Run Connector Transport. Edge «Relationship. Class» Route. Segment. Detail Stop. Edge «Relationship. Class» Route. Detail Route. Segment Time. Pattern «Relationship. Class» Time. Pattern. Detail Stop. Junction Stop Terminals Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Stops Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS A Road Network Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Stops are added, they automatically connect to the roads Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Draw bus routes by clicking near Stop. Junctions, where the bus stops and near roads to guide the bus Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS The Route automatically swaps to the road network, builds relationships to the roads and creates Timepatterns Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS A road is modified… Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS …and the Route changes. Drivingtime in the Time. Patterns is likewise changed Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Grab a Stop and move it… Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS The Stop triggers move of the Stop. Junction, which in turn shortens the Route and changes Time. Patterns. Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Modifying a road with Stops… Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS …will modify the Route and Time. Patterns and move the Stop. Junctions, but leave the Stops Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Moving a road and rubberbanding. . Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS …also changes Routes and Stop. Junctions and Time. Patterns Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS In addition complex scheduling data like these… Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS . . can be presented in 3 D. Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Utilising TOP in Public transport assignment models Different conceptual levels of networks: • Geographic network • Organisational network • Calculation network (logical network, not only a graph) Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Multi-modal modelling – extracting the logical network from TOP Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Rule based assignment models • The graph is built dynamically (graph pruning) • Search algorithms utilise the hierarchical structure of the network • Á priori knowledge and geographical information can be used in label correction methods • Refer to paper at TRISTAN IV Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

RULE-BASED OBJECT-ORIENTED MODELLING OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEMS Advantages and summary • • • GIS Environment is easy to use & intuitive Open, Extensible & Programmable Handles multiple layers of data, maintains consistency By using consistent and detailed data, better and faster models can be implemented Cut data-handling efforts significantly Facilitate work with more detailed data Centre for Traffic and Transport (CTT), Technical University of Denmark (DTU)