RUANG LINGKUP GEOLOGI pengertian cara mempelajari geologi ilmuilmu

RUANG LINGKUP GEOLOGI • • • pengertian cara mempelajari geologi ilmu-ilmu terkait sistem dalam geologi profesi yang berhubungan dengan geologi

Pengertian • Geology: The study of the Earth as a whole, its origin, structure, composition, and history (including the development of life), and the nature of the processes which have given rise to its present state. Whitten, DGA and Brooks, JRV. 1977. The Penguin Dictionary of Geology. Middlesex: Penguin Books. p. 204. Pertanyaan: • Cari definisi lain dari buku-buku geologi berbahasa Inggris di Perpustakaan Pusat.

Cara mempelajari • Mengikuti pendidikan geologi • Loka dan wahana utama: – Perpustakaan termasuk internet – Laboratorium (studio) – Lapangan Perhatikan • Belum dikatakan belajar geologi sebelum ke lapangan, laboratorium dan perpustakaan!

Ilmu-ilmu terkait TEKNOLOGI ILMU-ILMU TERAPAN ILMU-ILMU DASAR KEBUMIAN ILMU-ILMU DASAR TEKNIK PERTAMBANGAN INDUSTRI SIPIL TEKNIK PARIWISATA PERMINYAKAN GEOLOGI BAHAN GALIAN GEOLOGI MINYAKBUMI DLL GEOLOGI PANASBUMI GEOLOGI TEKNIK METEOROLOGI GEOLOGI DLL GEOLOGI LINGKUNGAN BIOLOGI HIDROLOGI STATISTIKA FISIKA KIMIA MATEMATIKA

ARKEOLOGI GEOARKEOLOGI Ilmu-ilmu antara GEOLOGI DLL GEOWISATA GEOFISIKA GEOKIMIA PALEONTOLOGI KIMIA GEOSTATISTIKA GEOHIDROLOGI Pertanyaan: • Mengapa muncul ilmu-ilmu antara? BIOLOGI

Cabang-cabang geologi GEOLOGI PALEONTOLOGI MINERALOGI STRATIGRAFI GEOMORFOLOGI GEOLOGI STRUKTUR PETROLOGI TEKTONIKA VOLKANOLOGI GEOLOGI SEJARAH SPELEOLOGI LIMNOLOGI Pertanyaan: • Mengapa cabang-cabang geologi juga banyak? DLL

RUANG LINGKUP GEOLOGI • • • pengertian cara mempelajari geologi ilmu-ilmu terkait sistem dalam geologi profesi yang berhubungan dengan geologi

I WONDER • There are many diversifications in the world, but they have been being maintained in a single magnificent system and under dynamic equilibrium. Bambang Prastistho

Our previous earth

GEOSPHERE ATMOSPHERE HYDROSPHERE

ATMOSPHERE BIOSPHERE HIDROSPHERE GEOSPHERE

RUANG LINGKUP GEOLOGI • • • pengertian cara mempelajari geologi ilmu-ilmu terkait sistem dalam geologi profesi yang berhubungan dengan geologi

Why Study Geology? Because geology is all around us. • 1. Geological Resources • 2. “The Environment” Environmental • 3. Geological Hazards Geology (Changes posing risks) • 4. Engineering • 5. Landforms and Surface Processes • 6. Historical Geology forms the basis of our great civilizations

The Cradle of Civilization Sprung from geology of the region Tigris River, Iraq http: //encarta. msn. com/

Why Study Geology? 1. Geological Resources – The Cradle of Civilization (Fertile Crescent) – Development limited by availability, e. g. , soil, water, energy – Conflicts based on resources, e. g. , water, minerals, oil… http: //encarta. msn. com/

Misuse of Resources 2. The Environment These Maps illustrate the Fertile Crescent in 1973 (top) and 2000 (bottom). Permanent marshlands, pictured in green, have shrunk 90 percent in that period. Illustration courtesy United Nations Environment Program

Misuse of Geologic Resources Desiccation of the Aral Sea, Kazakhstan 2. The Environment http: //www. grida. no/aralsea/english/arsea. htm

Overuse of Geologic Resources 2. The Environment (Geology in the News) • 1. 7 billion are joining the consumer class and the environment won’t sustain this standard of living (Worldwatch Institute 2004) • Emissions of Greenhouse gasses is accelerating global warming • Climate change is accelerating melting of glaciers and driving mass extinctions (The Centre of Biodiversity and Conservation, Leeds University, UK)

http: //news. nationalgeographic. com/news/2003 Geology in the News 3. Geologic Hazards • Two die in 6. 5 magnitude Earthquake near San Lois Obispo California • Earthquake triggers mudslides San Andreas Fault

Assessing Risk “Major Quake Likely to Strike San Francisco Bay Region Between 2003 and 2032” 3. Geologic Hazards • Assessing Risks • Avoiding Risks • Preventing Damage • Predicting Impact http: //quake. wr. usgs. gov/research/seismology/wg 02/

Earthquake Bam, Iran • A Magnitude 6. 5 Earthquake hits a stone- and mudhouse city of 100, 000 in Iran 12 -26 -03 – 30, 000 Dead – 30, 000 Refugees • US sends aid and releases sanctions • Relations improved Photos from AP

Volcanoes 3. Geological Hazards Landslides Earthquakes

4. Geology in Engineering Slope Failure Risk Assessment and Control To prevent slope failure engineers must understand the geology that forms and controls the slope

Geology in Engineering The Leaning Tower Straightens Up In Pisa the tilted one is back in business after an 11 -year effort to keep it from collapsing Committee member John Burland, an engineer, promoted soil extraction as the best way to save the tower. Engineers use knowledge of geology to design, protect and correct structures www. smithsonianmag. si. edu

5. Landforms and Surface Processes H. C. Berann (1915 -1999) Yosemite National Park, 1987 • Glaciers • Mass Wasting • Streams • Shorelines • Deserts • Groundwater http: //www. berann. com

Sub Disciplines Areas of Study Which Rely on Geology • Environmental Geology – Environmental Sciences: how we influence the earth – Geologic Hazards: how geology influences us • Engineering Geology – Geologic Materials – Foundations – Geotechnical engineering

Sub Disciplines (cont. ) • Geological Resources – Locating and characterizing amounts and quality – Extracting and – Understanding environmental effects of extraction and use (misuse, overuse) of resources • Historical Geology – Deciphering Earth History and – Evolution of life