Rseaux Mobiles Prsentation GSM Evolutions 2 G vers

Réseaux Mobiles Présentation GSM Evolutions 2 G vers 3 G

SOMMAIRE Panorama des réseaux mobiles, caractéristiques essentielles Notions de Mobilité, Handover et Roaming Les réseaux Mobiles: ? ? ? Réseaux 1 G et réseaux satellites Réseaux 2 G: le GSM caractéristiques & architecture Réseaux 2 G: le GSM interfaces & protocoles: MAP, BSSAP Réseaux 2, 5 G: le GPRS caractéristiques & architecture Réseaux 3 G: l’UMTS caractéristiques, architecture & protocoles Réseaux de proximité: Home-RF, Bluetooth, Swap Les Services Mobiles: ? ? Services liés à la parole Services basés sur la mocalisation Services de Messageries: SMS/EMS/MMS Services basés sur l’Internet: WAP/I-Mode Scénarios d’Evolutions Applications Roaming et VAS : une introduction aux solutions proposées par NMG 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 2

Classification des Réseaux p. REPARTITION GEOGRAPHIQUE DISTANCE RESEAUX MOBILES RESEAUX (WIRELESS ETENDUS NETWORKS) TERRESTRES (WAN) RESEAUX METROPOLITAINS (MAN) RESEAUX LOCAUX(LAN) 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 3

Panorama des réseaux mobiles Extérieur Satellites TFTS, GPS LEOS Paging ALPHAPAGE OPERATOR TAM-TAM KOBBY TATTOO BI-BOP POINTEL CT 2 GSM + Evolutions (GPRS/EDGE/UMTS) 2 G 2, 5 G 3 G Grand Public Téléphonie sans fil Home-RF, Bluetooth, Swap 10/22/2021 PABX sans fil Wireless LANs Corporate-GSM MOBIPAC TETRA GSM-Rail Applications professionnelles Intérieur Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 4

Applications non-GSM, dont satellites - Téléphonie sans fil, PABX sans fil - Systèmes de paging - GEOS: Geostationary Earth Orbit Satellites - Réseaux Satellites Télécoms (orbite = 36000 km) - En France: Réseau Telecom 1 - Intelsat, Eutelsat…. - LEOS: Low Earth Orbite satellites - Orbite à 800 km: des centaines de satellites nécessaires - Irridium, Globalstar, Teledesic … - VSATS: Very Small Aperture Terminals 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 5

Réseaux 1 G: TELEPHONIE SANS FIL SERVICE DE TELEPHONIE DANS UNE ZONE REDUITE APPLICATIONS: ? poste domestique (résidentiel) ? réseau public de quartier: service Télépoint, POINTEL, BI-BOP, TELEPOINT, boucle locale ? environ 50 000 abonnés en 1997, en baisse. ? PABX sans fil (entreprise) LIMITATIONS: ? usage residentiel seulement ? modulation analogique ? pas de transmission de données ? fréquences limitées (20 - 40 Mhz) 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 6

Réseaux 1 G: LES RESEAUX DE PAGING RECEPTION DE MESSAGES COURTS SUR UN TERMINAL MOBILE ALPHAPAGE: FRANCE TELECOM ? message de 80 caractères (environ 160 000 abonnés) EUROSIGNAL: FRANCE TELECOM ? réception d'un BIP (environ 100 000 abonnés) TAM-TAM, TATOO, KOBBY, TEXTNET. . ? le plus interessant: grande pénétration, faible consommation, faible prix, peut être personnalisé. . , avec ou sans abonnements. . . ? Norme européenne ERMES, à développer Environ 1, 7 Millions d'utilisateurs au total fin 97 …. Plus rien en 2000 ! 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 7

RESEAUX SATELLITES A ORBITE HAUTE: GEOs TELECOM 1+ 2: SATELLITES TELECOMMUNICATIONS ? grande capacité de transmission ? capacité de diffusion a l'infini ? grande couverture (1/3 Terre) ? orbite géostationnaire (36 000 km) ? problèmes conditions atmosphériques ? délais de propagation (250 ms) ? encombrement de fréquences AUTRES SATELLITES ? INTELSAT ? EUTELSAT ? IMMARSAT ? . . . 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 8

RESEAUX SATELLITES A ORBITE BASSE: LEOs FUTURS PROJETS D'UNE MULTITUDE DE PETITS SATELLITES EN ORBITE FAIBLE POUR COUVRIR TOUTE LA SURFACE TERRESTRE PROJET TELEDESIC ? Bill Gates MICROSOFT ? 840 satellites ? à 800 km d'altitude PROJET IRRIDIUM ? ? ? ? ? MOTOROLA, ? FRANCE TELECOM PROJET GLOBALSTAR ? ALCATEL 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 9

RESEAUX SATELLITES: VSATs VSAT = VERY SMALL APERTURE TERMINAL PETITES STATIONS TERRIENNES DE TELECOMMUNICATIONS PAR SATELLITE (emission et/ou réception) échange de données, vidéotransmissions, courriers. . 30 operateurs en FRANCE: FT, BT, Téléport EUROPE, . . 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 10

De 1 G à 2 G: RADIOCOM 2000 - Radiocom 2000: premier service de téléphonie mobile embarqué dans les voitures - En raison des besoins d’alimentation (batterie voiture), transmission analogique, pas de compatibilité numérique (RNIS), pas de sécurité… - Ancêtre du GSM - GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications - Système public de communications mobiles pan-européen développé au début des années. - Ce système devait répondre aux critères suivants: - Bonne qualité de transmission de la parole Coûts des terminaux et services associés le plus bas possible Faible consommation Possibilités de roaming international Compatibilité numérique RNIS 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 11

Les principes de Mobilité ANTENNE m eco l e -T xxx 10/22/2021 CELLULE Liens de signalisation Connexions terrestres Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 12

Techniques Cellulaires Macro Cellules ? Zones à population dispersée ( diamètre: 10 -30 km) ? Usage: voiture, train, etc…. Micro Cellules ? Zones à population très denses ( 100 à 300 m); Usage: piétons ? L’utilisation de petites cellules permet l’optimisation des canaux de transmission et une meilleure précision dans la localisation. Pico Cellules ? Réservé aujourd’hui aux réseaux de proximité ( > 10 m) ? Concept repris dans l’UMTS Cellules sélectives ? Les cellules n’ont pas toujours besoin d’une couverture de 360 degrés Cellules « parapluie » ? Pour éviter un nombre trop important de commutations entre cellules, il est possible de créer des regroupements de cellules. 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 13

Couverture Cellulaire 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 14

Handover et Roaming Handover ? Mécanisme permettant le transfert automatique d’une transaction en cours d’une cellule vers une cellule, sans perturber la communication. Roaming ? Mécanisme permettant d’offrir les mêmes services de télécommunications mobiles à des clients (roamers) abonnés à d’autres réseaux ou dans d’autres pays. 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 15

2 G: Architecture GSM (1) 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 16

2 G: Architecture GSM (2) HLR = Home Location Register VLR = Visitor Location Register MSC = Mobile Switching Centre BSS = Base Station Sub-System BSC = Base Station Controller BTS = Base Transceiver Station Chaque Mobile Station (MS) comprend: -ME = Mobile Equipment -SIM = Subscriber Identity Module 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 17

2 G: Equipements GSM: MSC & BSC • Switching Centre (MSC) ? Gère les communications et les échanges avec les utilisateurs ? Initialise l’établissement et la rupture des communications ? Initialise le mode de transmission ? Gère les procédures pour les interactions entre BSCs (Handover) ? En général: un opérateur gère un MSC par région • Base Station Controller (BSC) ? Gère les connexions et les ressources radio ? Gère le mode de transmission radio ? Maintient les connexions radio ? Supervise et analyse les transferts inter-BSCs (handover) 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 18

2 G: Equipements GSM: HLR, VLR & Au. C • HLR ? Maintient et remet à jour les informations de localisation et de profils de services des clients abonnés chez un opérateur • VLR ? Maintient et remet à jour ces mêmes informations de localisation et de profils de services pour des clients visiteurs en situation de roaming ? Cette fonctionnalité, bien qu’indépendante, est le plus souvent intégrée dans le switch (MSC) • Au. C = Autentication Centre ? Gère les fonctions de sécurité liées à l’identité des usagers ? Réalise l’encryptage des informations radio. 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 19

2 G: Protocoles d’interfaces GSM • Interface radio ? Gère les communications entre le mobile et les BTS pour tout ce qui concerne la transmission radio analogique ? Protocole utilisé: LAPDm • Interface Abis ? Gère les communications entre BTS et BSC, en particulier: ? La gestion du trafic radio ? L’exploitation et la maintenance des stations BTS ? Protocole utilisé: LAPD • Interface A ? Gère les communications entre BSC et MSC, en particulier le handover ? Signalisation du type SS 7 ? Protocole utilisé: BSSAP 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 20

2 G: Interface Radio GSM Le spectre radio a des ressources limitées, partagées entre tous les utilisateurs. La méthodologie de partage de bandepassante est une combinaison entre multiplexage temporel et multiplexage fréquentiel (TDMA/FDMA). ? FDMA utilise 124 fréquences de transmission dans la bande des 25 MHz. A chaque station de base (BS) sont associées une ou plusieurs fréquences. ? Dans TDMA chaque fréquence de transmission est découpée canaux logiques. 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 21

2 G: Le protocole BSSAP The MTP and the SCCP are used to support signaling messages between the Mobile Services Switching Center (MSC) and the Base Station System (BSS). One user function of the SCCP, called BSS Application Part (BSSAP) is defined. The BSSAP user function is further subdivided into two separate functions: ? The Direct Transfer Application sub-Part (DTAP), also called GSM L 3, is used to transfer messages between the MSC and the MS (Mobile Station) ? The BSS Management Application sub-Part (BSSMAP) supports other procedures between the MSC and the BSS related to the MS (resource management, handover control), or to a cell within the BSS, or to the whole BSS. 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 22

2 G GSM MAP Protocols The equipment in the mobile network subsystem exchange signaling information through the Mobile Application Part (MAP), which is built on top of SS 7. MAP supports: ? MAP and SMS capabilities for IS-41 and GSM networks ? Acting as the VLR, HLR, and MSC ? MAP-GSM acting as the VLR, HLR, MSC, and SGSN/GGSN ? Implementing GSM Phase 1, Phase 2, and Phase 2+. It also supports MAP-GSM extensions for GPRS and CAMEL 10/22/2021 A: BSC-MSC B: MSC-VLR C: GMSC-HLR D: VLR-HLR D: MSC-Int. Gway E: MSC-MSC F: MSC-EIR G: VLR-VLR H: HLR-AUC Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 23

Mobility: HPLMN to VPLMN Roaming Wireline Network GSM Home Network HPLMN VPLMN GSM Visited Network BTS BSC VLR MSC HLR SCCP Gateway BTS SCCP Gateway MSC BSC VLR 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 24

Mobility: Wireline Network the roamer is identified within the VPLMN GSM Home Network HPLMN VPLMN GSM Visited Network BTS BSC VLR Update location message MSC HLR SCCP Gateway BTS SCCP Gateway MSC BSC Record new VLR location 10/22/2021 Record roamers profile ( home network, teleservices, …) Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) VLR 25

Mobility: the roamer is called via a fixed phone Wireline Network GSM Home Network HPLMN VPLMN GSM Visited Network BTS BSC VLR MSC HLR Request to the HLR the customer location 10/22/2021 SCCP Gateway BTS SCCP Gateway MSC BSC Attribute a MSRN number for this roamer Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) VLR 26

Mobility: the call is initiated Wireline Network GSM Home Network HPLMN VPLMN GSM Visited Network Voice connection BTS BSC Call Set-up VLR MSC HLR Request to the HLR the customer location 10/22/2021 SCCP Gateway BTS SCCP Gateway MSC BSC Attribute a MSRN number for this roamer Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) VLR 27

2 G GSM General Roaming Scenarios VPLMN MAP CAMEL ISUP INAP International roaming interconnection HPLMN 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 28

2 G to 3 G Evolutions (2) 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 29

2 G to 3 G Evolutions (3) 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 30

2, 5 G : GPRS Key User features The General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a new nonvoice value added service that allows information to be sent and received across a mobile telephone network. SPEED: ? Theoretical maximum speeds of up to 171. 2 kbps IMMEDIACY: ? GPRS facilitates instant connections whereby information can be sent or received immediately as the need arises, subject to radio coverage. This is why GPRS users are sometimes referred to be as being "always connected". NEW APPLICATIONS, BETTER APPLICATIONS: ? GPRS facilitates several new data-oriented applications SERVICE ACCESS: To use GPRS, users specifically need: ? a mobile phone or terminal that supports GPRS ? a subscription to a mobile telephone network that supports GPRS 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 31

2, 5 G : GPRS Key Network features PACKET SWITCHING ? GPRS involves overlaying a packet based air interface on the existing circuit switched GSM network. ? This gives the user an option to use a packet-based data service. SPECTRUM EFFICIENCY ? Packet switching means that GPRS radio resources are used only when users are actually sending or receiving data. INTERNET AWARE ? GPRS fully enables Mobile Internet functionality by allowing interworking between the existing Internet and the new GPRS network. . SUPPORTS TDMA AND GSM ? GPRS is not only a service designed to be deployed on the GSM digital mobile phone standard. The IS-136 Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) standard, popular in North and South America, will also support GPRS. 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 32

2, 5 G : GPRS Architecture BTS MSC/VLR BSC SGSN HLR Serving GPRS support node: - packet routing, mobilty management, - authentication, ciphering External IP network Notebook+GPRS Mobile backbone network GGSN Gateway GPRS support node External X 25 network GGSN = Gateway GPRS Support Node SGSN = Service GPRS Support Node 10/22/2021 IP Terminal Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 33

2, 5 G: GSM – GPRS Interconnection 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 34

3 G: What is UMTS ? • UMTS stands for Universal Mobile Telecommunications System • UMTS is a part of the International Telecommunications Union’s ’IMT-2000’ vision of a global family of ’third-generation’ (3 G) mobile communications systems • UMTS will play a key role in creating the future mass market for high-quality wireless multimedia communications that will approach 2 billion users 10/22/2021 worldwide by the year 2010 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 35

3 G: Why UMTS ? • UMTS will enable delivering high-value broadband information, commerce and entertainment services to mobile users via fixed, wireless and satellite networks • UMTS will speed convergence between telecommunications, IT, media and content industries to deliver new services and create fresh revenue-generating opportunities • UMTS will deliver low-cost, high-capacity mobile communications offering data rates up to 2 Mbit/sec with global roaming and other advanced capabilities 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 36

3 G: UMTS Architecture 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 37

3 G: GSM – GPRS – UMTS Interconnection 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 38

3 G : UMTS Cells 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 39

3 G: New mobile terminals 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 40

The (US) CDMA revolution Traditionally radio communication systems have separated users by either frequency channels, time slots, or both. More recently several hybrid FDMA-TDMA digital systems have been developed, ostensibly to enhance service quality and capacity. In all these systems, each user is assigned a particular time -frequency slot. CDMA offers an answer to the capacity problem. Instead of partitioning either spectrum or time into disjoint "slots" each user is assigned a different instance of the noise carrier. ? The great attraction of CDMA technology from the beginning has been the promise of extraordinary capacity increase over narrowband multiple access wireless technologies 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 41

CDMA vs. GSM (1) For several years, the world's two main methods -- Code-Division Multiple Access (CDMA) and GSM have divided the wireless world into opposing camps. CDMA: popular in US, more than 80 M users. Advantages of CDMA include: ? Increased cellular communications security. ? Simultaneous conversations. ? Increased efficiency, meaning that the carrier can serve more subscribers. ? Smaller phones. ? Low power requirements and little cell-to-cell coordination ? Extended reach - beneficial to rural users situated far from cells. Disadvantages of CDMA include: ? CDMA is relatively new, and the network is not as mature as GSM. ? CDMA cannot offer international roaming, a large GSM advantage. 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 42

CDMA vs. GSM (2) Advantages of GSM: ? International roaming permits subscribers to use one phone throughout Western Europe. ? GSM is mature, having started in the mid-80 s. This maturity means a more stable network with robust features. CDMA is still building its network. ? The availability of Subscriber Identity Modules, which are « smart cards » that provide secure data encryption give GSM m-commerce advantages. GSM still holds the upper hand however. ? There's the numerical advantage for one thing: 456 million GSM users versus CDMA's 82 million But…. The proposed IMT-2000 standard for 3 G globally is a worldwide CDMA-based standard (WCDMA) 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 43

Proximity Communication technologies Ir. DA ? Infrared technology for communicating between personnal organizers (PDAs) (ex: PALM Beamer) ? Up to 4 Mb/s ? Coverage 1 m max. Home-RF ? SOHO Applications (Small Office / Home Office) ? 2, 4 Ghz, SWAP Communication protocol ? Example of Swap protocoles: SWAPTEC Wireless LAN: 802. 11 ? Fully LAN & Bluetooth compatible 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 44

Bluetooth technology Bluetooth is a new technology standard using short-range radio links, intended to replace the cable(s) connecting portable and/or fixed electronic devices. Its key features are ? Security via encryption ? Voice and Data supported ? Supports up to 8 terminals (Pico. Net) ? Coverage up to 50 m (500 m if amplifiers) ? Complement to GSM : GSM integrated Bluetooth chips available for 30 -40$ ? Bluetooth was developed in 1998 and is at the moment backed by tech giants Intel, Motorola and Ericsson ? The unusual name comes from King Harold Bluetooth of Denmark who unified the Scandinavian countries of Norway and Denmark in the 10 th Century 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 45

Bluetooth Pico. Net Architecture 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 46

Bluetooth: Some applications 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 47

Mobile Location Techniques MAP protocol-based location ? PLMN – Cell – LAC accuracy Triangulation ( accuracy < 15 m): ? TA: Time Advance ? TOA: Time of Arrival ? AOA: Angle of Arrival ? E-OTD: Enhanced Observed Time Difference Terminal-based location ? SDK= SIM Tool-Kit based Cell-ID detection GPS (accuracy up to 5 m) ? To be integrated in mobile GSM terminals (+ 30$ expected) Connection to Proximity systems 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 48

Mobile Location Applications HPLMN /VPLMN Level: ØDetection of in ternational roamers at the international gateway (SCCP) ØMAP D LAC Level, VLR tracking: Ødetection over a regional area (MSC/VLR) ØMAP Cell-ID or Cell-Of-Origin Level: Ødetection within a cell (200 m à 20 km), Cell-ID++ ØBSSAP 10/22/2021 Y X/Y Location Server X CELL-ID Positioning System Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 49

GSM deployment in France FRANCE TELECOM: Historic OPERATOR ? Offers: ITINERIS since 1992, ORANGE since 2000 ? Overall french territory covered by the services ? End 2000: OLA: 15 Million subscribers ? RADIOCOM 2000: 50 000 remaining subscribers SFR: 2 nd. OPERATOR ? Offer: SFR GSM / SFR / Cegetel Services / VIZZAVI Portal ? End 2000: 10 Million subscribers BOUYGUES: Last Entrant OPERATOR ? Offer: DCS 1800 ? End 2000: 6 Million subscribers The battle between operators is engaged: more services, more performance (GPRS), UMTS licensing 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 50

Introduction to mobile services To-day: ? Voice telephony (90%) ? Short Messaging Services (10%) ? WAP, and other Internet-based services (emerging)…. To-morrow (2005 & +): ? Voice telephony (50%) ? Push & Pull Short Messaging + evolutions EMS/MMS ? E-mail on mobiles ? Internet on Mobiles (WAP, I-Mode…) ? Location-based and Navigation services ? Advertizing ? Billing and accounting ? Games…. ? Music (MP 3) and video… 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 51

Typical «push and Pull Services Alert Consumer Business corporate Network operator Management 10/22/2021 Info. Guide Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 52

Areas of applications Business-to-Consumer Services ? « Push » Services: Welcome, Pub… Consumer-to-Business Services ? « Pull » Services: where is the nearest … ? Consumer-to-Consumer Services ? Chat, WIM (Wireless Instant Messaging) Services Business-to-Business Services ? Examples: fleet management Assistance Services ? Alerting, telemaintenance, e-vehicle applications Services provided to Telecom Operators ? Planification, accounting, quality of service, network resources optimization… 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 53

Speech Services • Classic telephony services ? between MS users and fixed network users ? between MS users and MS users • Services derived from telephony ? simple unified procedure for emergency call ? voice messaging (I. e voice mailbox) ? Supplementary services ? Subscriber identification and authentication ? Pre-paid facilities ? Short messaging 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 54

Location-based Services Manage your service personnel, vehicles and assets more efficient …………… Find your friends (and yourself!) …………………… Enhanced Personal Security Applications …………… Where is nearest…? And how do I get there? …………………… 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 55

SMS: Short Messaging Services Allow subscriber to send/receive simple messages (max. 160 characters length) Two services provided: ØPoint-to-point SMS enabling a GSM user to send such a message to another GSM user (ex: paging message) Øcell broadcast SMS enabling short messages of a general nature to be broadcast at regular intervals to the users SMSs are generated via the SMS Centre Some SMS-C providers: CMG, Comverse, Logica Aldiscon, ADC New. Net, Nokia, Ericsson, Motorola, Sema Group . 10/22/2021 IP SMS Messaging Server Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 56

SMS key functions SMS Advantages ? « Store and Forward » : messages are registerd even if the destination is not on on-line ? SMS messages are handled by the SMS-C and not by network switching ? SMS messges are transmitted without establishment of voice trunks (SS 7 -based messaging) ? SMS messges are secured: receiption acknowledge (SS 7 procedure) SMS Disadvantages ? Limited message length ( 140 octets remaining, excluding MAP signaling part) ? Fixed message structure ? Signaling channels performance is limited. 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 57

Next Generation Messaging (1): SMS EMS = Enhanced Messaging Service Generation of combined melodies, sounds, images, animations, modified & formatted texts… ? Images: 3 formats, black and white ? Sounds: 10 predefined sounds ? SMSs aggregation As for SMS, based on SS 7 and managed by the SMS-Centres 2 G application, but needs « EMS-like » terminals Available early in 2001, as an evolution of Nokia’s « Picture Messaging » 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 58

Next Generation Messaging (2): SMS MMS = Multimedia Messaging Service Generation of messages combining text, sound & images (Power-Point like), photos & videos. To be standardized by 3 G Study Groups, will really start with GPRS and become popular with UMTS MMS will use dedicated channels (voice trunks), based on WAP Available in 2003 – 2004 ? (Ericsson et Nokia have started to launch products in 2001) The SMS MMS revolution will be like the transition from DOS Windows 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 59

Some « Flash » statistics !!! (August 2001) More than 50 Billion SMS’s exchanged worldwide durint Q 1 2001 ! ? 9 Billion messages per month in 2000, more than 6 billion in Europe… ? 15 Billion messages only in december 2000 ? Approx. 1 O Million SMS-s per day in France ( +42%) 420 million mobile handsets sold worldwide in year 2000 … This progression is planned to go on until 2005 …. 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 60

WAP Services: Internet / Mobile convergence Internet + Mobile Telephony = WAP = Wireless Application Protocol WAP is based on Client/Server architectures 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 61

What is WAP ? The wireless industry came up with the idea of WAP. The point of this standard was to show internet contents on wireless clients, like mobile phones. ? WAP stands for Wireless Application Protocol ? WAP is an application communication protocol ? WAP is used to access services and information ? WAP is inherited from Internet standards ? WAP is for handheld devices such as mobile phones ? WAP is a protocol designed for micro browsers ? WAP enables the creating of web applications for mobile devices. ? WAP uses the mark-up language WML (not HTML) ? WML is defined as an XML 1. 0 application 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 62

WAP Architecture The architecture is based on the Internet model: - the wireless WAP terminal contains a microbrowser, - content and applications are hosted on Web (HTTP/WAP)servers. INTERNET HTTP Server WAP Gateway WAP Terminal 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 63

WAP Technology WML over WAP WML embedded in HTML - (JAVA) Web Server Internet or other IP network Mobile Network WAP proxy WAP implementations: WAP over GSM, WAP over GPRS, WAP on Handheld terminals (Palm, etc…), WAP-on-a-SIM (new services on old phones…) 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 64

WAP pre-requisite: « Mark-Up » Languages Definition: ? Mark-Up Languages are used on the web to isolate the display style from the content of a document Types: ? HTML = Hypertext mark-up language (controls the formatting of a document), written in Java. Script ? XML = Extensible mark-up language (marks sections of the data as objects that can be managed by associated databases) ? HDML = Handheld device mark-up language (proprietary technique) ? WML = Wireless mark-up language (XML adapted for WAP technology and mobile handsets), written in WMLScript. 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 65

The future of WAP Le WAP is to-day in competition with the japanese standard I-MODE (more than 24 Million subscribers) WAP will survive, assuming that: ? GPRS deployed (enhanced bitrates, client-server mode) ? Enhancement of handsets ergonomy ? Development of combined SMS – WAP applications ? To-day: Wait And Pay … ? … To-morrow: Win And Play 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 66

2 G-3 G Plannings 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 67

Pr. Oce. SS 7 Mobile applications Pr. Oce. SS 7 takes advantage of SS 7 data richness to develop performance and Customer Traffic Efficiency applications: ? Traffic investigation & expertise (related to HLR/VLR exchanges, IN services, Call failures ? Roaming analysis: mobility and traffic quality ? SMS management ? Interconnection traffic analysis (mobile – fixed) ? BSS expertise SS 7 protocols analyzed are: Alarm Workstations Open Applications Data processing Workstations Off Line Data Base Maintenance Web Browser Alarm Server Lan - Wan SNMP/Q 3 SS 7 Probe Real Time Data Base SS 7 Network ? ISUP, INAP, MAP, BSSAP, etc… 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 68

VAS & SMS applications Value Added Services (VAS) for mobile communications are based on data capture over signaling links: ? Mobile subscriber authentication ? Mobile localisation (Cell-ID, VLR tracking, …) ? Mobile presence (WIM) ? Mobile subscriber accounting ? Wireless roaming traffic & Qo. S ? SMS/EMS handling Significant applications: ? SMS-Welcome, SMS-Bon Voyage, SMS-Advertizing, … Statistics SMS C VAS Platform VLR MSC BSC Process System ers e oam ct r Det Data Collection System SCCP Gateway HLR SS 7 protocols concerned: ? MAP, BSSAP … 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 69

ISCOM deployment: Public transport Information via mobile Value Added Services, For itineraries calculation, combining data, maps and photos to be displayed On the Web On GSM phones (SMS only) On WAP phones On PDAS EEC/DGXIII/IST R&D Project (2000 - end 2002) 10/22/2021 DATA PROCESSING LAYER EFA Server SMS Server HTTP Interface EFA Broker HTML E-Mail Server HTTP Interface SMS Broker SMTP/POP 3 Interface E-Mail Broker ODBC Interface Photo Broker XML Encoder XML PDF Formatting XML HTML / WML / PDF / SMS / Voice. XML WBMP Encoder Media Conversion Sub-Layer PDF Client Interface Sub-Layer WEB Client Photo Server HTTP Server WBMP CLIENT ACCESS LAYER HTTP Interface WAP Client Vocal Client INTERNET HTML / PDF WML / WBMP Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) Voice. XML 70

TEMIC deployment: Cooperative Alerting Services via mobile Value Added Services for emergency applications connecting selected user profiles to multimedia data On the Web On GSM/GPRS phones (SMS/EMS) On WAP phones On 3 G phones (UMTS) On PDAS On SWAP terminals Poste dista nt swap Réseau Mobile Serveur distant swap Internet Réseau d’affinité distant (entreprise de maintenance) swap Générateur de SMS / portail WAP Passerelle Internet Réseaux stratégiques Poste de maintenanc e Poste de maintenan ce Serveur Local Boucle Locale Radio ( Wireless-LAN) Poste de maintenanc e Réseau d’affinité local (sur site) swap RNRT R&D Project (mid 2001 - mid 2003) 10/22/2021 swap Site à maintenir Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 71

Merci pour votre attention ! 10/22/2021 Abderrahim Benslimane: Réseaux Mobiles ( GSM, 2 G 3 G) 72