Route Optimization Abilene Route Quality Control Initiative Aaron
Route Optimization Abilene Route Quality Control Initiative Aaron D. Britt aaron@opnix. com Guy Almes almes@internet 2. edu June 11, 2002
Problem Statement(s) • How does Internet 2 continue to add to its initiative of “Superlative Networking” ? • Does the Abilene backbone outperform the Commodity Internet? • What problems are there, if any, regarding the routing over the Abilene Backbone? Series B -2 -
Internet 2 Route Optimization Objective • Increase the Performance of the Internet 2 Infrastructure • Use Route Optimization Technology to gather Performance Metrics for the Internet 2 Network • Use the captured data to Identify Problem Areas and report overall how the Abilene Network is Performing • Identify Solutions for any problems discovered • Implement a given subset of these solutions, if they make sense. Series B -3 -
What is BGP Route Optimization? • Definition: Continually (or periodically) determining the performance of various links (routes), measured through the use of active probes, and weighting those measurements based on tunable metrics and weights. • Simply put, using additional intelligence to measure and define the performance of a route, above and beyond that of the standard BGP metrics. Series B -4 -
Capture Performance Metrics • What Metrics are Important? • Latency - The time it takes to get information through a network. Measured for the round trip. • Packet Loss - Packet loss reflects the amount of packets sent through a given network that when sent from a host never reach the intended destination. • Unreliability – How reliable the route is or is not based on a sub-set of metrics. • Route Asymmetry Series B -5 -
Metrics Gathered and Calculated • Op. Score • Algorithm based on the probe data weighted, normalized and calculated based on customer defined settings (Min/Max/Weight). – – – Latency Unreliability Congestion Points Layer 3 Hops Carrier Preference (Least Cost Routing) • The route with the lowest score wins! Series B -6 -
How to gather these Metrics • High Level Architecture • Orbit 1000 -CPE • Orbit 1000 -Stats • Private AS Space e. BGP Multihop Commodity Internet AS 64701 PROBES Abilene Router Orbit 1000 CPE Internet 2 Series B -7 -
Type of Probe • UDP Based • ICMP - Routers drop ICMP • TCP – Sets off IDS systems • UDP probe, though proprietary in nature, very similar to that of a typical traceroute. • UDP Probe data is within 2% of the accuracy of TCP probe data, but it doesn’t set off IDS systems. Series B -8 -
Probing Mechanism • Where should we send the probes? • Prefix list we receive from the Internet 2 edge router • ’Prefix + 1’ methodology, unless a more specific IP address is specified in the discovery-include list • Using a bisecting search algorithm that finds the endpoint while minimizing traffic. – Based on ICMP response (did we get there or not) – When the probe reaches an endpoint, or it runs out of TTL’s, we blast out any missing/remaining TTL’s • Using the Source Port and Destination Port we can track the probes, where they went and why. Series B -9 -
Where does all the Data Go? • Probe Data is stored and collected in a central CORE – SQL d. B. • All Probing Devices store their data in the same CORE PROBE DATA orb 01. i 2. annarbor orb 01. i 2. armonk CORE Series B -10 -
The CORE • Responsible for: • Data Collection & Storage • Op. Score Calculation CORE View Optimizer Balancer SQL d. B Reporting Engine Series B -11 -
Reporting Engine • Web Interface • Graphical and Analytical • Summary Statistics • Can drill down to the packet of each probe sent Series B -12 -
Identify Problem Areas • Throughput and Latency Issues – Jitter – Packet Loss – Congestion Points • Routing Issues (Misconfigured? ) – Asymmetry – Routing Loops – Black Holes? • What else will we find? Series B -13 -
Project Scope • Install probe devices – 1 Giga. POP at a time • Probe Internet 2 prefixes over both Internet 2 and commodity internet • Collect data • Tweak metrics • Report on published results • Define recommended changes based on analysis of data. Series B -14 -
Project Timeline • Armonk site installed – 1 st week of April • Merit Giga. POP – 1 st week of May • Determine on ICB, which POPs to move forward through summer months • Start to review data July through August Series B -15 -
Internet 2 and Opnix Collaboration Abstract: With the advancement of powerful applications on the Internet, the improvement of Internet performance to enable these applications can be a difficult challenge. Opnix, Inc. has developed route control and performance enhancing tools to help address these challenges in ways not done previously. Internet 2, the well-known next generation network, will work closely with Opnix to exploit these tools and technology. Internet 2 and Opnix will work in the Internet 2 environment to monitor and improve the technology’s based on what we learn together. Sharing the results with the Internet 2 community to further the advancement of next generation applications will be the goal. Series B -16 -
Internet 2 and Opnix Endgame • Establish baselines of performance for Internet 2. • Verify the Internet 2 network should be preferred over commodity Internet for Research/Education destinations. • Illuminate performance inhibiting issues from network to continue with leading edge performance. • Develop next generation applications for detection of performance inhibiting issues. • Support Internet 2 engineers with the use of next generation Route Control technology. Series B -17 -
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