Roots of our population Aboriginal Peoples 55 56

Roots of our population Aboriginal Peoples (55 - 56)

The Innu § They live in the area of the Quebec/Labrador peninsula § French explorers classified this group into two subgroups 1) Montagnais 2) Naskapi

The Innu § Today, the Innu call their land Nitassinan.

Algonquian Nations § Lived in what is now Atlantic Canada § Spent a lot of time hunting, fishing, trapping, and trading § The Algonquian Nations included three nations: § 1) Mi’kmaq ( NS, PEI, and parts of NL) § 2) Passamaquoddy (in parts of NB) § 3) Maliseet (in parts of NB)

The Inuit § The north of the Atlantic region was home to the Palaeoeskimo § it is believed these groups crossed the Bering Strait from Siberia, reaching Labrador 3800 years ago.

The Beothuk § lived in Newfoundland § hunted and fished along the coast and in the interior § they were very susceptible to European diseases § involved in conflicts with European settlers

The Beothuk § Beothuk became extinct when the last known member, Shawnandithit, died in 1829 of tuberculosis

Effects of Contact § The Aboriginal peoples taught the first Europeans how to survive in the harsh conditions posed by the environment of what is now Atlantic Canada. § However, the Europeans were ethnocentric (believed that their culture and beliefs were better than those of the Aboriginal peoples) and did not appreciate or understand the Aboriginal peoples.

Effects of Contact § As a result, problems developed in parts of the region, one such problem was found in NS, NB, and PEI, as Aboriginal peoples became regulated by Canadian law and were forced off their native land/migration routes onto reserves. § Today, Aboriginal peoples are negotiating claims with provincial and federal governments to reclaim the land natively used by their ancestors and the right to self-government

Questions (p. 55 - 56) § 1) The term Aboriginal peoples is used to refer to who? § 2) Different Aboriginal groups, while living in harmony with their environment, differed from each other in what ways? Name three. § 3) When do some archaeologists believe that Aboriginal groups first migrated to the Atlantic Canadian region? Why? From where?

Questions (p. 55 - 56) § 4) Using Fig. 4. 7, what generalizations can be made about the migration of Aboriginal peoples from AD 500 to present? § 5) For each group, list the following: § § original location Arrived in Atlantic Canada subgroups present location -

Effects of Contact p. 56 § 1) How did the aboriginal peoples help the Europeans when they first moved into the Atlantic region? § Syrup § 2) define ethnocentrism. § 3) What was a problem which developed from this lack of understanding?

Effects of Contact p. 56 § 4) Why do Aboriginal leaders negotiate with provincial and federal governments today? § Assembly of First Nations Chief Phil Fontaine >