Rome Spreads its Power Roman Legions 5000 men

Rome Spreads its Power • Roman Legions- 5000 men, then divided into 80 men, Flexible & supported by cavalry, self-sufficient, built roads & bridges. • Carried- armor, sword, shield, dagger, stakes, pot, & other clothing • Every land owning citizen had to serve, some 10 years for certain jobs

Cont • Rome controls Italy • Rome controls trade, wine, olive oil, on the Mediterranean • Carthage- Located on North Africa challenges Rome for control of trade • This begins the Punic Wars

Punic Wars 264 -146 B. C. • 1 st- Fought to control Sicily, Rome wins • 2 nd-218 B. C. - Hannibal & 50, 000 men treck through Spain, over the Alps, & into Italy, they raid for 10 years, at Cannae he inflicts great damage to Rome • Rome finds Scipio to match Hannibal, • His plan is to attack Carthage, This forces Hannibal Back to Defend the city. 202 B. C. • 3 rd-149 B. C. -Cato, old dude, ends all his speeches, “Carthage must be Destroyed” • 146 B. C. City burned & 50, 000 sold into slavery

Roman Empire Brings Change • Rome’s Class inequalities lead to republics downfall • Returning soldiers had lost farms or could not compete with slave labor • The landless and unskilled could not find jobs • The joined the ranks of urban poor, ¼ the population

The Republic Collapses • Two Brothers, Tiberius & Gaius Gracchus • Try to help the poor, the rich kill them • 121 -82 B. C. –Period of Constant Civil Wars • Julius Caesar takes control 59 B. C. with the help of Crassus & Pompey, • This is the First Triumvirate- Last 10 years

cont • Caesar- Strong leader & Military Genius • 58 -50 B. C. - Fights in Gaul • Pompey becomes scared, urges senate to disband the legions, • Caesar- no way jose, Marches past the Rubicon River & toward Rome • Pompey Runs Scerd, • In 46 He is appointed Dictator, 44 for life