ROME Geography of Rome Rome Centrally located in

ROME

Geography of Rome • Rome: Centrally located in the Mediterranean Basin • Distant from eastern Mediterranean powers

The Italian Peninsula • Peninsula- a piece of land surrounded by water on 3 sides. • The Italian Peninsula is the piece Of land in yellow. • Rome is Located on the knee cap of The Italian Peninsula. Rome

PROTECTION • The Alps offered protection to Ancient Rome

Mediterranean Sea The Mediterranean offered protection AND sea commerce to Ancient Rome.

Roman Mythology • Roman mythology is based on the Greek polytheistic religion (Greek mythology). • Greek and Roman mythology were used to explain natural phenomena, human qualities, and life events. • Ex- If there was lightning, someone might say, • “Jupiter must be angry today” to explain the lightning.

Social Structures (Hierarchies) in History

Social Structure in the Roman Republic 1. Patricians: Powerful nobility (few in number) 2. Plebeians: Majority of population 3. Slaves: Not based on race

Citizenship in Rome 1. Patrician and plebeian men could be citizens 2. Selected foreigners could be citizens 3. Slaves and women were NOT citizens. If you were a citizen in Rome you had certain Rights and responsibilities to fulfill. (e. g. , taxes, military service)

Features of Democracy • Representative democracy- elected officials representing a group of people, as opposed to direct democracy • Assemblies- meetings • The Senate- A political body designed to make laws/ make improve society. • Consuls- served as chairman of the senate • Laws of Rome codified as Twelve Tables

Warm up • Imagine that you are the ruler of a civilization. As the ruler you want your civilization to have the ability to trade with all parts of the world and be wealthy so they can enjoy things in life that other cultures are not able to. There is an Island not too far away from you that possesses resources that could expand your civilizations trade and wealth greatly. There is another civilization that wants the resources of this island also. • Question- What do you do to ensure that your civilization controls the resources on the island?

Punic Wars: Rome vs. Carthage (264– 146 B. C. [B. C. E. ]) 1. Rome and Carthage were in competition for trade. 2. Hannibal invaded the Italian Peninsula. 3. Three wars resulted in Roman victory, the destruction of Carthage, and expanded trade and wealth for Rome.