ROME Christianity Achievements and Decline Warmup 1 Word

ROME: Christianity, Achievements, and Decline

Warm-up 1 Word Bank: Judaism Pax Romana, Julius Punic Augustus polytheistic Punic 1. The ______Wars were caused by competition between Rome and Carthage for control of trade. Julius Caesar forced the senate to make him 2. ______ dictator and was later assassinated. 3. Under Augustus ____ Caesar, Rome became an empire. 4. Two hundred years of peace and prosperity that began with the rule of Augustus is called the ______ Pax Romana 5. Roman Mythology was a ______ polytheistic religion. 6. The holy book of this monotheistic religion is the Judaism Torah. ________

Rome II, Day 1 • • • Warm-up Christianity Notes Venn Diagram Judaism/Christianity Terms 1 -12 Go over map on text book worksheet (p. 6) Complete p. 11 and 12 (review) The student will demonstrate knowledge of ancient Rome in terms of its impact on Western civilization by describing the origin, beliefs, traditions, customs, and spread of Christianity on a Venn Diagram and terms list.

Warm-up 2 Give the letter of 1. Spain A E 2. Gaul B 3. Britain E B D 4. Birthplace of Judaism and A Christianity F 5. Greece C H 6. Opponent of Rome in Punic Wars H 7. Christianity has it’s roots in which religion? C F G Judaism 8. Who do Christians believe is the son and incarnation of God? Jesus 9. Which book contains accounts of the life and teachings of Jesus? New Testament 10. Who spread Christianity? Apostles, Paul, legalized by Constantine

Rome II, Day 2 • • • Warm-up Notes on the decline of Rome MAD PIE activity (movie clips) Terms 13 -20 Complete p. 9 (in Greece and Rome review) The student will demonstrate knowledge of ancient Rome from about in terms of its impact on Western civilization by citing the reasons for the decline and fall of the Western Roman Empire on a terms list and review.

Warm-up 3 1. List the causes for the decline of the Roman Empire M oral Decay Political Problems Army Discipline I nvasions Division of Empire Economic Problems 2. As the Roman Empire declined, what became the unifying force in Western Europe: Christian Church or Islamic Religion? 3. What part of the Roman Empire fell: East or West? 4. The Eastern Roman Empire became known as the Byzantine or Holy Roman Empire?

Rome II, Day 3 • Warm-up • Notes on the achievements of Rome • Complete packets 1. Terms 20 -28 2. Finish review (p. 10) 3. Crossword Puzzles (crossword bank available) The student will demonstrate knowledge of ancient Rome by listing contributions in art and architecture, technology and science, medicine, literature and history, language, religious institutions, and law on crossword puzzles and a review.

Warm-up 4 1. Which number represents the location of ancient Athens?

2. In this quotation, Pericles describes Athenian society as valuing — military discipline or civic responsibility

3. Which war is being described above Persian or Peloponnesian?

4. The sequence above describes the development of government in ancient — Athens or Sparta?

5. Which number on the map below marks the location of this building?

6. Which number on the map below marks the location of this building?

7. What best replaces the question mark? Representative Democracy or Direct Democracy?

8. Which list places these events in the correct chronological order? A. 2, 4, 3, 1 B. 3, 1, 2, 4

9. Which civilization most influenced the architecture in this picture? Greece or Rome

10. Which action best completes this diagram? Uniform currency or price controls?

11. Which number marks a province of the Roman Empire?

12. This passage, in which Jesus expressed many of the values representative of his faith, is from the — Ten Commandments or New Testament?

Rome II, Day 4 • • Warm up Turn in packets Greece and Rome Test Begin Early Middle Ages Unit The student will demonstrate knowledge of ancient Greece and Rome in terms of its impact on Western civilization on a unit test.

Origins of Christianity • Had its roots in Judaism • Was lead by Jesus of Nazareth who was proclaimed the Messiah • Messiah: savior

Beliefs of Christianity • Monotheism: belief in one God • Jesus is both the Son and incarnation (human form) of God • Life after death

The New Testament of The Bible • Contains accounts of the life and the teachings of Jesus as well as the writings of early Christians

Spread of Christianity • Carried by the Apostles, including Paul, throughout the Empire The Apostles Paul

Persecution • Early Christians were persecuted by the Romans for refusing to worship the Roman Gods • Martyr: Someone who dies for their beliefs

Church Councils Christian doctrine was established by early church councils Doctrine: beliefs The First Council of Nicaea

Emperor Constantine • Adopted and legalized Christianity • Later Christianity became the official religion of the Roman Empire

Constantine Legalizes Christianity

Impact of the Church in the Late Roman Empire • As the Roman Empire declined in the West, the church in Rome grew in importance, membership, and influence. • The church became an example of moral authority

Church in Western Europe • Loyalty to the church became more important than loyalty to the Emperor. • The church became the main unifying force in Western Europe.

Christianity

Diaspora • Scattering of the Jews • Jews were exiled from Israel by the Romans in AD 132. They migrated to places all around the Mediterranean Sea

Maps: Ancient Greece MACEDONIA BALKAN PENINSULA Troy Aegean Sea Athens Sparta PELOPONNESSUS PENINSULA Mediterranean Sea PERSIAN EMPIRE ANATOLIA or ASIA MINOR

Roman Empire BRITAIN GAUL ALPS Rome SPAIN GREECE ITALY Carthage Black Sea Constantinople ANATOLIA Mediterranean Sea Jerusalem ISRAEL EGYPT

• • Decline of the Roman Empire Moral decay Army discipline Division of empire Political problems Invasions Economic problems MAD PIE

Barbarian Invaders Barbarians: Non-Romans • Germanic tribes repeatedly attacked along the northern borders.

Army Membership • To defend against increasing threats, Rome hired mercenaries (foreign soldiers who fought for money). • Military started to include invaders • Discipline and loyalty collapsed.

Division of the Empire • Rome was divided into Eastern and Western portions • Constantine moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium (He also ended persecution of Christians)

Invasions • From 376 to 476 Germanic and Mongol invaders poured into the Western portion of the Roman Empire.

Economic Problems • The high cost of defending its borders caused the Empire to raise taxes and mint coins with less silver. • With Roman money worth less(devaluation), prices rose (inflation). • Small farmers abandoned their lands causing food shortages.

Political Problems • Civil conflict: politician- generals fought each other for power • Weak leadership: Emperors were unable to handle problems faced by the empire. They were often brutal and incompetent. Many were murdered.

Moral Decay • Conditions in the later centuries made Romans lose their patriotism. • The people lost faith in Rome and the family

Rome’s Decline

Chaos as the Empire Falls

Western Empire Falls • The Western Roman Empire ceased to exist in 476 AD when Germanic invaders overthrew the last Roman Emperor.

Byzantine Empire • The Eastern Roman Empire survived and later became known as the Byzantine Empire

Proud Rome is Brought to its Knees

Roman Achievements Roads • Connected Rome to all parts of the Empire • Were built to last (some are still in use today)

Arches and Aqueducts • Arches were used as memorials in addition to supporting buildings, bridges, and aqueducts • Aqueducts were designed to bring water from the mountains to the cities. Victory Arch Aqueduct

Roman Accomplishments

The Forum • Means open space or marketplace • The political and economic heart of Rome.

Pantheon • Domed temple dedicated to the Roman gods

Architecture: The Pantheon

Roman Colosseum • Stadium which held 50, 000 • Mock battles, gladiator contests, and other bloody spectacles were seen here

Roman Baths • Romans swam, exercised, gambled, gossiped, and played games in addition to bathing. • Both rich and poor could afford to go often.

Public Health • Piped water for drinking and bathing • Sewage systems to remove human waste • Medical Schools Galen

The Aeneid By Virgil • Written in praise of Rome and Roman virtues • Modeled after the Greek Epics of Virgil Reading The Aeneid to Augustus Homer

Ptolemy • Created the first world Atlas with longitude and latitude. • Designed an Earth-centered, (wrong) model of the universe that was held as truth for 1400 years.

Latin and the Romance languages • Latin: The language of Rome, the Roman Catholic Church, and learning in Western Europe. • Romance languages: Languages derived from Latin: Italian, French, Spanish, and Portuguese.

More Roman Achievements

The First Triumvirate