Roman Kings The end of the Roman Monarchy

Roman Kings The end of the Roman Monarchy

Numa Pompilius • • Came to power after the death of Romulus (the first king) After the murder of the first king the people of Rome decided to choose their king They choice Numa Pompilius, who didn’t even want the honorable position He was a religious and spiritual king unlike the first king who was a warrior He moved Vestal Virgins from Alba Longa to Rome, found the temple of Janus, and established colleges in Rome He also changed the roman calendar by adding January and February bring the days in a year to 360 Rome was at peace for 43 years of Numa’s reign

Tullus Hostilius • • • Unlike Numa Pompilius, Tullus Hostilius solved problems through war He declared was agents Alba Longa The war was beginning to turn into a civil war, so Tullus Hostilius wanted to solve this problem in a different way Agreed on a contest of champions Rome won the contest and Alba Longa became an ally of Rome's Next he declared war agents Fidenates and won After this success the roman population increased This lead to an increase of members in the senate Hostilius decided to build a new senate house Historians are not certain if Tullus Hostilius was actually a king of Rome.

Ancus Marcius • Rome’s fourth king was Numa Pompilius’ grandson (2 nd king) • The neighbors of Rome believed that this king was a pushover and only wanted peace • The Old Latins tested this theory • In their surprise the new king was as much of a warrior as the other kings • They were defeated, their city were destroyed and their people were brought into the roman society • He found the city of Ostia • Ancus Marcius died widely respected and was deemed a truly good king by later Roman historians

Tarquinius Priscus Tarquin “the Elder” • • • • 5 th king of Rome Tarquin’s wife, Tanaquil, was of aristocratic Etruscan blood Because of this the couple had a lot of influence in Rome He became close with king Ancus Marcius So close that he was made guardian of his sons This is one of the key reasons why he became king Legend has it that after the kings death Tarquin had the kings son go hunting while he planed the funeral for their father But actually he used their absence to influence the Romans to make him king The sons were actually next in line but Tarquin cheated the system When king, Tarquin lead many victorious campaigns over the Sabines, Latins and Etruscans. He began the construction of the great Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus Tarquin established the roman forum and started the idea of the unique roman swage system The scorned sons of King Ancus finally sought revenge and hired two assassins to kill the king

Servius Tullius • • • 6 th king of Rome The sons of Ancus Marcius were not able to get the throne because of their participation in Tarquin’s murder Tarquin the Elder had three sons; Tarquin, Lucius and Arruns Servius tried to win their support by marring them to his own daughter After becoming king, a war broke out between Rome and Etruscan city of Veii, Rome won During his reign Rome began using coins for trade He was the first king with a stamp on the money Tullus was also known for many expansion of the city of Rome It is recorded that he added many defense systems to the city Tullus was also the leader of the census; which counted the people and ranked them in five classes, according to wealth During his reign the great Temple of Jupiter Capitolinus was constructed In the mitts of being over thrown by the senate king Servius Tullius was stabbed in the back by assassins

Lucius Tarquinius Superbus. Tarquin the Proud • • The last king of Rome (7 th) Son or maybe grandson of Tarquin “the Elder” (5 th king) • He pronounced himself the supreme judge of Rome, granting himself complete authority over capital cases without the accused having any recourse of appeal He did this so he would have no enemies He killed many people that wanted to over throw him This was the beginning of the corruption in Rome Tarquinius Achieved control over Latin League Bringing Latins into the Roman military machine, which doubled the size of the Roman army The city of Rome began to fall apart during his reign Causing a revolution The Roman people forced Tarquin into exile The Roman monarchy had fallen • • •

Fall of the Roman Monarchy • Brutus, a man that helped with the over throw of the king became the new leader of the Roman people • The people of Rome then established the Republic • This Republic evolved over time to become the greatest empire ever on earth

Bibilography Roman Kings: http: //www. romanempire. net/kings-index. html • G. Cesari's Numa Pompilius Establishing Worship of the Vestals
Plutarch's Life of Numa • Temple of Jupiter: http: //en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Temple_of_J upiter_(Capitoline_Hill)