ROMAN ACHIEVEMENTS Arts ACHIEVEMENTS Architecture and Engineering Roman

ROMAN ACHIEVEMENTS Arts

ACHIEVEMENTS Architecture and Engineering Roman Laws, Citizenship, and Philosophy Roman Language and Writing Roman Art

LAWS üRoman law covered marriages, inheritances, and contracts (agreements) between people üCivil law- laws that applied to all citizens üLaw of Nations- laws that applied to all who lived in Rome üRoman ideas helped shape Western legal systems

LAWS Roman laws were made by the Senate and then publicly posted for all to see in displays called the Twelve Tables They were displayed to protect Romans from unfair treatment

JUSTICE Every person had rights and court tried to make just, or fair, decisions that respected people’s rights.

CITIZENSHIP All Roman citizens subject to Roman laws and enjoyed the same freedoms and had to show allegiance (loyalty) to the emperor

PHILOSOPHY • Study of wisdom, knowledge and the nature of reality. • The Romans saw the Greeks as being dreamers whilst they were do-ers • Stoicism- Divine intelligence ruled all of nature • Stoics stressed the importance of duty and acceptance of one’s fate. They also showed concern for the well-being of all people, an idea that would be reflected in the Christian teachings

ROMAN GOVERNMENT In 509 BCE, the Romans overthrew the last king and set up a new government called a republic, where the people elect their leaders The Romans created this republican system so no one person would gain too much power

REPUBLICAN FORM OF GOVERNMENT In 509 B. C. , Rome set up a republic-a government in which citizens vote to choose their leaders. By about 275 B. C. , no single class of people dominated the government. In the picture above, we see a Roman leader speaking in the Senate. The Constitution of the United States is based on the Roman Republic’s system of balancing the legislative, judicial, and executive powers of government.

SCRIBES Person trained to write or copy documents by hand.

ROMAN NUMERALS n Roman numerals are written as combinations of seven letters. I=1 V=5 X = 10 L = 50 C = 100 D =500 M = 1000 n The letters can be written as capital (XVI) or lower-case letters (xvi).

PROVERBS Carpe diem. "Seize the day. “ Veni Vidi Vici I came, I saw, I conquered. Unus pro omnibus, omnes pro uno One for all and all for one

PARALLEL LATIN AND GREEK ROOTS PARALLEL LATIN AND GREEK PREFIXES Definition against around many over under, below Latin contra-, contro -, circummultisuper-, sursub- Greek anti – peri – poly – hyper – hypo -

ROMAN LANGUAGE Words in the five major Romance languages often sound alike: for example, the Latin word for liberty, libertas, translates as liberta in Italian, liberte in French, libertad in Spanish, liberdade in Portuguese, and libertate in Romanian See how many modern languages come from Latin; try to figure each of the three words in the “Modern English” column ? ? ?

LATIN PREFIXES - BASE ROOT “vis/vid” examples as base roots – vis/vid are not words by themselves, but they are roots that mean “see”. Experience the Consensus Board!

SOME EXAMPLES… A visionary sees ahead to how the project could unfold. A visor protects your eyes from the sun. The vivid colors were so bright, we could see them clearly from far away. Readers with a good imagination visualize the action or setting of the story. Because it was so foggy, the visibility was very poor. It is so fun to watch You. Tube videos of the screaming goats! The girl felt invisible as she started her first day at the new high

MURALS • Paintings on walls • The Romans painted murals. • These depicted everyday scenes around Rome. They also painted mythological scenes such as the heroic deeds of Hercules, Achilles, Ulysses, and Theseus.

SCULPTURE Roman sculptors stressed realism, portraying their subjects with every wart and vein in place. Focused on revealing an individual’s character. A statue of a soldier, a writer, or an emperor might capture an expression of smugness, discontent, or haughty pride

MOSAICS o. Mosaics- art made out of small pieces of tile or stone to form a design.

FRESCOES o FRESCOESPAINTINGS ON PLASTER Pompeii. Villa of the Mysteries