Rocks and The Rock Cycle Rocks All rocks

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Rocks and The Rock Cycle

Rocks and The Rock Cycle

Rocks • All rocks are mixtures of minerals. • Scientists classify rocks according to

Rocks • All rocks are mixtures of minerals. • Scientists classify rocks according to how they are formed. • There are three types of rocks: Igneous Sedimentary Metamorphic

Igneous Rocks • Igneous rocks form from cooled magma or lava. • When magma

Igneous Rocks • Igneous rocks form from cooled magma or lava. • When magma or lava cools it hardens to form a rock. • Magma is melted rock below Earth’s surface. • Lava is melted rock that flows out of the ground onto Earth’s surface.

Igneous Rocks and Crystals • Igneous rocks may have small or large crystals. •

Igneous Rocks and Crystals • Igneous rocks may have small or large crystals. • If the rock is made from magma it may have large crystals because it cools slowly. • If the rock is made from lava it may have small crystals because it cools faster.

Igneous Rocks Volcano

Igneous Rocks Volcano

Examples of Igneous Rocks Obsidian Granite

Examples of Igneous Rocks Obsidian Granite

Sedimentary Rocks • Sedimentary rocks are made of sediments. • Sediments are bits of

Sedimentary Rocks • Sedimentary rocks are made of sediments. • Sediments are bits of rocks, shells, and the remains of dead plants and animals. • Over millions of years sediments that are buried under ground are pressed and cemented together to form a sedimentary rock.

Sedimentary Rocks and Fossils • Fossils are often found in Sedimentary rocks.

Sedimentary Rocks and Fossils • Fossils are often found in Sedimentary rocks.

Layers of Sedimentary Rocks • Sedimentary rocks often form in layers. • The oldest

Layers of Sedimentary Rocks • Sedimentary rocks often form in layers. • The oldest layer is on the bottom. • The youngest layer is on the top.

Oldest or Youngest? Youngest Oldest

Oldest or Youngest? Youngest Oldest

Examples of Sedimentary Rocks Limestone Shale

Examples of Sedimentary Rocks Limestone Shale

Metamorphic Rocks • Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks that have been squeezed

Metamorphic Rocks • Metamorphic rocks are formed from existing rocks that have been squeezed and heated deep inside Earth’s crust.

Examples of Metamorphic Rocks Marble Gneiss

Examples of Metamorphic Rocks Marble Gneiss

The Rock Cycle • The rock cycle is the process of rocks changing into

The Rock Cycle • The rock cycle is the process of rocks changing into other kinds of rock.

Factors of The Rock Cycle • • • Melting Cooling and Hardening Weathering and

Factors of The Rock Cycle • • • Melting Cooling and Hardening Weathering and Erosion Squeezing and Cementing Heating

The Rock Cycle

The Rock Cycle

Questions

Questions

What are some factors that affect the rock cycle?

What are some factors that affect the rock cycle?

Are rocks always changing?

Are rocks always changing?

Which type of rock has layers?

Which type of rock has layers?

Which layer is the oldest? Bottom or Top

Which layer is the oldest? Bottom or Top

How are rocks formed? Igneous. Sedimentary. Metamorphic-

How are rocks formed? Igneous. Sedimentary. Metamorphic-