Rocks and Minerals Lessons 1 4 Rocks and

What is a mineral? �Solids �Inorganic - not living �Natural - not made by

Formation of Minerals �Form as magma and lava cools – known as crystallization �Form

Properties of a Mineral Specific Gravity Streak Magnetism Cleavage Acids Luster Gonimeter Hardness

Uses of Minerals �Uranium – fuel for nuclear power plants �Silver – electronics, jewelry,

What how 1. Go to the “Assessments” tab: 2. Click on the “S 1

What how 3. Answer all questions and at the bottom check the box, and

Rocks and Minerals Lesson 2: Rocks and the Rock Cycle

Types of Rocks �Igneous Rocks – forms when magma cools and crystallizes

Types of Rocks �Sedimentary Rocks – forms from the breakdown of rocks by physical

Types of Rocks �Metamorphic Rocks – forms when rocks and minerals are subjected to

The Rock Cycle Intrusive or Extrusive deposition lithification

Rocks and Minerals Lesson 3: Rocks and Minerals as Resources

Mining Rocks and Minerals �Extract Rocks and Minerals from the Earth �Valuable – lots

Mining Operations/Techniques �Depends on the type of rock or mineral being mined �Most have

The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly What else? Pros - Environmental Practices put

What 1. how Go to the “Discover” tab page 3: 2. Click on the

Rocks and Minerals Lesson 4: Soil and Soil Conservation

It’s Time for Vocabulary �Soil - a thin layer of material on Earth's crust

Soil Horizons Climate is important in determining the types of soils that form Parent

Soil Conservation �Contour Farming �Worms �Manure �Fertilizer �Till �Effects of the different spheres on

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Rocks and Minerals Lessons 1 -4

Rocks and Minerals Lesson 1: Minerals

Lesson Objectives

What is a mineral? �Solids �Inorganic - not living �Natural - not made by humans and found in the ground �Definite crystal structure - atoms are arranged in a predictable way �Definite chemical composition

Formation of Minerals �Form as magma and lava cools – known as crystallization �Form in water as precipitates - an insoluble solid that separates from a liquid solution �Can be weathered by physical and chemical methods �Form by changes in pressure deep beneath Earth's surface - as the pressure increases, minerals combine to become new minerals

Properties of a Mineral Specific Gravity Streak Magnetism Cleavage Acids Luster Gonimeter Hardness

Properties of a Mineral Streak

Properties of a Mineral Cleavage

Properties of a Mineral Luster

Properties of a Mineral Gonimeter

Properties of a Mineral Hardness

Properties of a Mineral Acids

Properties of a Mineral Magnetism

Uses of Minerals �Uranium – fuel for nuclear power plants �Silver – electronics, jewelry, developing photographs �Lead – batteries �Bauxite – aluminum foil, soda cans, airplane parts �Copper – pipes, wire, other parts of industry �Gold – jewelry and industry �Other products that have minerals – lighbulbs, MP 3 players, cereal, cell phones, furniture, powders

Distribution of Minerals

What how 1. Go to the “Assessments” tab: 2. Click on the “S 1 Rocks and Minerals 01: Minerals”

What how 3. Answer all questions and at the bottom check the box, and finally click “submit”.

Rocks and Minerals Lesson 2: Rocks and the Rock Cycle

Lesson Objectives

Types of Rocks �Igneous Rocks – forms when magma cools and crystallizes

Types of Rocks �Sedimentary Rocks – forms from the breakdown of rocks by physical and chemical means then compacts and cements together

Types of Rocks �Metamorphic Rocks – forms when rocks and minerals are subjected to extreme changes in temperature and pressure

The Rock Cycle Intrusive or Extrusive deposition lithification

Let’s Review

What how 1. Go to the “Assessments” tab: 2. Click on the “S 1 Rocks and Minerals 02: Rocks and the Rock Cycle” For assessment instruction help, please visit the student help site at: www. flvsess. com

Rocks and Minerals Lesson 3: Rocks and Minerals as Resources

Lesson Objectives

Similarities and Differences

Mining Rocks and Minerals �Extract Rocks and Minerals from the Earth �Valuable – lots of uses in our daily lives �Mining Techniques �Consequences (pros and cons) �Ore �Reclamation �Economy �Environment �Society

Mining Operations/Techniques �Depends on the type of rock or mineral being mined �Most have heavy machinery moved into the area and dig for the resource �Panning �Extraction from Caves �Dynamite

The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly

The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly What else? Pros - Environmental Practices put into place - Build terraces to prevent erosion - Planting - Jobs - Reclamation Cons Destruction of Environment - Trees - Farmland - Houses - Erosion - Water shortages

Case Studies

What 1. how Go to the “Discover” tab page 3: 2. Click on the “Lab Report” 3. Complete Lab and attach to assessment ATTENTION HONORS STUDENTS: You have an additional assessment to complete For assessment instruction help, please visit the student help site at: www. flvsess. com

Rocks and Minerals Lesson 4: Soil and Soil Conservation

Lesson Objectives

It’s Time for Vocabulary �Soil - a thin layer of material on Earth's crust composed of sediments, gases, moisture, and organic matter. �Organic Matter -

It’s Time for Vocabulary �Soil - a thin layer of material on Earth's crust composed of sediments, gases, moisture, and organic matter. �Organic Matter – decomposing plant and animals material or DOM (dead organic matter) �Soil Composition - the types of materials that make up soil �Parent Rock - the primary rock type that forms the soil

Soil Horizons Climate is important in determining the types of soils that form Parent Rock

Soil Type by Color

Soil Type by Grain Size

Soil Type by Texture

Soil Conservation �Contour Farming �Worms �Manure �Fertilizer �Till �Effects of the different spheres on Erosion �Wind �Water �Gravity

Soil Lab

What how 1. Go to the “Assessments” tab: 2. Click on the “S 1 Rocks and Minerals 04: Soil and Soil Conservation” For assessment instruction help, please visit the student help site at: www. flvsess. com