Rocks and Minerals Fill out your concept map
- Slides: 8
Rocks and Minerals Fill out your concept map as we go along.
What is a rock? A rock is made up of minerals that have formed as part of the earth’s surface.
What is a mineral? • A mineral occurs naturally from nonliving things and is solid. • It has a crystal structure – Particles line up in a regular, repeating pattern Remember: all rocks are made up of two or more minerals
How are rocks formed? Rocks are formed through something called the ROCK CYCLE. • The rock cycle forms 3 types of rock: – Igneous rocks – Sedimentary rocks – Metamorphic rocks
Igneous Rocks • Examples of igneous rocks are: basalt, obsidian, and granite. • Igneous rocks are formed from the cooling of magma or lava. – Lava is magma that reaches the earth’s surface Where is the lava in this picture?
Sedimentary Rocks • Sedimentary rocks form when layers of sediment build up and get cemented together over time from pressure. • Sediment is a mixture of tiny bits of rocks, shells, plants, and minerals. Can you see the different layers in this picture?
Metamorphic Rocks Pressure from the earth above and Examples of metamorphic rocks are: marble and slate. Metamorphic rocks are formed from other rocks. Heat and pressure from below cause the other rocks to change into metamorphic rock.
Rock Forms of the Earth's Crust Earth's Surface 0 1 2 3 4 Metamorphic or Igneous Rock 5 6 7 8 9 10 Sedimentary Rock 1. How much of the earth’s crust is made up of metamorphic and igneous rock? 2. How much of the earth’s crust is made up of sedimentary rock? 3. How much of the earth’s surface is made up of metamorphic and igneous rock? 4. How much of the earth’s surface is made up of sedimentary rock?