Rock Cycle Presented by Kesler Science Essential Questions

Rock Cycle Presented by Kesler Science

Essential Questions: What processes are involved in the formation and classification of metamorphic, sedimentary, and igneous rocks?

Rock Cycle Sediments Rock Cycle A model that describes the formation, breakdown, and reformation of a rock. © Kesler. Science. co Igneous Rock Sedimentary Rock Metamorphic Rock Magma

Rock Cycle © Kesler. Science. co Sedimentary Rock • Formed when sediments accumulate and compact and cement together. • Often deposited in layers and contain sand, pebbles, and frequently fossils. • Ex. sandstone, limestone

© Kesler. Science. co Rock Cycle Physical properties of Sedimentary Rocks • Sand, pebble, and even boulder size particles • Some may contain fossils

Quick Action – How Are Rocks Broken Down? Think and Write: Try to come up with 5 ways which rocks can be broken down into smaller pieces (sediment)? © Kesler. Science. co

Rock Cycle By what process are sedimentary rocks broken down? Weathering • By weather (rain, ice, wind), chemical changes, and living things (plant). • Creates lose material called sediments. © Kesler. Science. co

Rock Cycle By what process are sediments moved? Erosion • Wind • Water • Gravity • Ice They are deposited in layers - Deposition © Kesler. Science. co

Rock Cycle What are the processes that form sedimentary rock? Compaction Sediments are deeply buried, placing them under pressure because of the weight of overlying layers. © Kesler. Science. co

Rock Cycle What are the processes that form sedimentary rock? Cementation • New minerals stick the sediment together just like cement. • This holds the grains together tightly. © Kesler. Science. co

Quick Action – Rock Cycle Sedimentary Processes Add to your Rock Chart on the bottom of your note doc. • Weathering and Erosion (A) • Compaction and Cementation (B) B. Sediments A. Sedimentary Rock A. Igneous Rock Metamorphic Rock Magma

Rock Cycle © Kesler. Science. co Metamorphic Rock • Formed by heat and pressure while buried deep below Earth’s surface. • Have a layered or banded (ribbon like) appearance or may have crystals. • Ex. Gneiss, Marble, Slate

© Kesler. Science. co Rock Cycle Physical Properties of Metamorphic Rocks • Layers look like ribbons • Crystals

Rock Cycle What are the processes that form metamorphic rock? Heat (caused by magma) • Temperatures high enough to change its structure but not to melt it. • Heat can change sedimentary, igneous, or another older metamorphic rock. © Kesler. Science. co

Rock Cycle What are the processes that form metamorphic rock? Pressure - Caused by intense collisions and friction of tectonic plates and pressure from overlying rock layers. • Deep under the Earth’s surface. • Pressure can change sedimentary, igneous or another older metamorphic rock. © Kesler. Science. co

Quick Action – Rock Cycle Metamorphic Processes Add to your Rock Chart on the bottom of your note doc. A. Igneous • Heat and Pressure Rock © Kesler. Science. co B. Sediments A. C. (C) Magma Sedimentary Rock C. Metamorphic Rock

Rock Cycle Igneous Rock • Formed when lava or magma harden. • Found near volcanoes or fissures • Ex. Basalt, Obsidian, Granite © Kesler. Science. co

© Kesler. Science. co Rock Cycle Physical Properties of Igneous rock Fast Cooling Glassy crystals Holes where gas was trapped colors Slow Large Many

Rock Cycle What are the processes that form Igneous rock? Melting • Caused by increase in temperature in rock deep below the surface of Earth • Caused by friction between crustal plates © Kesler. Science. co Lava –molten rock material on Earth’s surface. Magma – molten rock material under Earth’s surface.

Rock Cycle What are the processes that form igneous rock? Cooling and Hardening • Melted rock turns solid. • Slow cooling happens below Earth’s surface as magma cools forming large crystals. Ex. granite • Fast cooling happens on the Earth’s surface as lava cools forming small crystals. Ex. obsidian, basalt, pumice © Kesler. Science. co

Quick Action – Rock Cycle Igneous Processes Add to your Rock Chart on the bottom of your note doc. • Melting (D) • Cooling and Hardening (E) © Kesler. Science. co Sediments B. Sedimentary Rock A. A. C. Igneous Rock C. Metamorphic Rock E. Magma D.

Check for Understanding Can you… identify the processes involved in the formation and classification of igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks? © Kesler. Science. co