Robotics Lego NXT Mindstorms 1 Robotics Introduction v

Robotics Lego NXT Mindstorms 1

Robotics Introduction v What is a Robot? ØWhat are examples of a robot? ØWhat can robots do? ØWhat can’t robots do? ØHow are robots used in our daily lives? 2

Definition of a Robot v What is a Robot? ØA robot is a device that is built to independently perform actions and interact with its surroundings. 3

Watch Video Clips v After watching the video clips… ØWhich of the clips showed actual “robots? ” ØExplain the difference between a robot and a remote controlled machine/toy 4

Day 2 - Reflection v How are robots used in our daily lives? v. What is possible with a Robot? v. What are some unexpected Robots? 5

Day 2 - Agenda v Reflection discussion v Finish building Tri-Bot v Label cables v Come up with a team and bot name and make poster for team v Watch video clips v Introduce basic programming 6

Day 3 - Reflection v. In what ways do robots need to interact with their surroundings? v. Give specific examples of a robot and the type of movement or sensors it will need. 7

Movement v Define Types of movement: ØLocomotion – The ability to move from place to place (move from place to place) ØLocalization – To perform functions in a specific area (turn head) ØManipulation – To touch or move by mechanical means (move other things around) ØCooperation - To work together motors working together for movement) (two 8

Day 3 - Agenda v Reflection discussion v Definitions of types of movement v Watch “Robo Cup Dog Soccer” identify each type of movement v Inventory of pieces v Review Programming v Begin programming with sound blocks 9

Day 4 - Reflection v. Why is it important to be specific when giving directions? v. Write down the step by step directions of how to fold a paper airplane. 10

What do we need the robot to do? v Moving: The robot must be able to control some set of actuators to move how and when we want it to. We must be able to reliably place the robot anywhere we want. v Sensing: The robot must be able to perceive its environment through sensors locate obstacles to avoid, and objects of interest that we want it to interact with. v Plan/Act: The robot must be able to make decisions using its processor based on it’s sensors and feed them to it’s actuators to be able to move. 11

What is a sensor? v Takes readings from physical environment and turns it into an electrical message/signal v. Sensors we will work with: ØTouch- hit something and it react ØLight- can sort by color or detect light from dark ØSonar/ultrasonic- tells how far away things are ØSound- tells how loud something is 12

What is a processor? v. It is the logic circuitry that responds to and processes the basic instructions that drive a computer. v. A computer needs to be able to: ØReceive inputs from the sensors, and convert the sensor readings into perceptions ØMake decisions based on it’s perceptions ØUse these decisions to change its environment (or move itself in the environment) using its actuators. 13 ØEach of the above three things is

What is a processor? v. A computer needs to be able to…: ØEach of the previous three things is programmed by the user using a programming language. ØTakes readings from physical environment and turns it into an electrical message/signal Touch- hit something and it react 14

What is an actuator? v. Takes electrical message and turns it into a physical action. For example: ØElectric motors receive electricity which makes their axles turn. These can be connected to wheels, which can make the robot move ØPumps receive electricity which makes them compress liquid through tubes which can make a robotic arm move around. This arm can push, pull, and lift things in the world. 15

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Day 4 - Agenda v Finish Inventory v Begin programming with sound blocks v Discussion/Reflection v Giving clear directions – Paper Airplane v Definitions of types of processes v Review movement programming v Begin programming basic movement 17

Day 5 - Reflection v. Write directions for your teammates to move through a maze within the classroom v. Take turns testing each other's directions and see which teammate can write the clearest directions. 18

Day 5 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Writing directions – Move through a maze v Writing directions – Dance moves v Begin programming for Dance Competition 19

Day 6 - Reflection v. What have you learned about the following things: ØWhat is a robot (in your own words) ØBuilding a robot ØProgramming a robot ØWhat parts do robots need? 20

Day 6 – Group Activity v. Watch Search & Rescue Video Clip v. What do the robots need to be able to perform these functions? v. Write directions for your teammates to perform a search and rescue mission of a treasure of your choice. Include sensors and loops: ØUse “until” ØUse touch sensors 21

Day 6 – Instruction v. Understand loops exit with an “until” statement v. Understand programming of the touch sensor 22

Day 6 – Challenge/Build v. Attach a touch sensor to your Bot (pgs 49 -53 in large book) v. Program the touch sensor v. Write a program for ‘Bump and Run’ using the ‘Loop’ block, where robots must run down a corridor, bump into a wall, and return to the start. v. Bump & Run Races v Have groups which complete this extend the program by putting a ‘Forever’ loop around the previous program to make the robot continuously go back and forth between two walls. 23

Day 6 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Watch Search & Rescue Video Clip v Understanding Programming – Touch Sensor & Loops v Writing directions – Search & Rescue v Writing directions – Bump & Run v Begin programming for Bump & Run Races 24

Day 7 - Reflection v. What did you have to change/modify to get your Bot to be able to do the “Bump & Run” Challenge? ØChange design ØChange Program ØAdd stabilizers 25

Day 7 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Finish - Bump and Run – Race v Program - Bump, Turn, Continuous v Writing directions – Maze 26

Day 8 - Reflection v. Within the police department what kind of robots or remote controlled machines do you think they would need? v. How would they be used? 27

Day 8 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Police Demonstration v Create Maze v Writing directions – Maze v Program Bot to complete maze 28

Day 9 – Ultra Sonic Sensor v. Ultra Sonic sensor sends out a high frequency chirp from one circle and the sound wave bounces off an object and returns to the microphone in the other circle. v. Because sound travels at a constant speed ~1, 125 ft/s the processor can calculate the distance the sensor is from an object and respond based on the programming. 29

Day 9 – Ultra Sonic Sensor v. In what situations might an Ultra Sonic sensor fail? ØFar away ØAngle ØAbsorbency ØMultiple surfaces ØMultiple signals 30

Day 9 – Writing a Program v. In your journal write out the program directions for your Bot to make it through the maze using the touch sensor, the ultra sonic sensor and loops. 31

Day 9 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Ultra Sonic Sensor v Writing directions – Maze v Program Bot to complete maze using touch and ultra sonic sensors and loops. 32

Day 10 – Reflection v. What problems did you have calibrating or working with the Ultra Sonic Sensor? v. In your journal re-write your program directions for going through the maze following the example on the board. 33

Day 10 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Ultra Sonic Sensor v Re-writing directions – Maze v Program Bot to complete maze using touch and ultra sonic sensors and loops. v For the groups that finish – Add grabber Arms to your Bot. 34

Day 11 – Reflection v. What has your team done well? v. What does your team need to work on? v. In what ways have you personally contributed to helping your team be successful? v. What do you do that might get in the way of your team working together successfully? 35

Day 11 – Reflection v. What goals do you have for the remainder of the program? v. What will you do to work better as a team? 36

Day 11 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Time Trials – Maze v Adding Grabber Arms & Light/Dark Sensor v Program Bot to follow a line and grab ball at the end of the line, turn right 90 degrees and drop the ball. 37

Day 12 – Reflection v. In what ways can a robot provide companionship? 38

Day 12 – Reflection v. Read Time For Kids Article v. What did you find interesting about the article? 39

Day 12 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Time Trials – Maze v Adding Grabber Arms & Light/Dark Sensor v Program Bot to follow a line and grab ball at the end of the line, turn right 90 degrees and drop the ball. 40

Day 13 – Reflection v. What have you learned so far about robots and programming? 41

Day 13 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Finish Time Trials – Maze v Adding Grabber Arms & Light/Dark Sensor v Program Bot to follow a line and grab ball at the end of the line, turn right 90 degrees and drop the ball. 42

Day 14 – Reflection v. What cool things do you think you could create with your LEGO NXT kit? 43

Day 14 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Plan for Final Projects v Adding Grabber Arms & Light/Dark Sensor v Program Bot to follow a line and grab ball at the end of the line, turn right 90 degrees and drop the ball. v Go through maze, grab toy, turn around and return to start 44

Day 15 – Reflection v. What types of projects did you find or are you interested in building for the final project? v. Parent Invitation to Robotics Showcase Thursday, July 23 rd @ 9: 30 45

Day 15 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Plan for Final Projects v Time Trails for “Line Follow” and grab ball at the end of the line, turn right 90 degrees and drop the ball. v Go through maze, grab toy, turn around and return to start v Begin working on Final Project 46

Day 16 – Reflection v. What would you like a robot to do for you around the house? v. Parent Invitation to Robotics Showcase Thursday, July 23 rd @ 9: 30 47

Day 16 - Agenda v Discussion/Reflection v Plan for Final Projects v Begin working on Final Project 48

Day 17 – Reflection v. Should Robots look like humans or should they look like machines? v. Why does it matter? v. Read “Why, Robots? ” v. What did you find interesting about the article? v. Parent Invitation to Robotics Showcase Thursday, July 23 rd @ 9: 30 AM 49