Roaring Twenties Harlem Renaissance The Great Migration During

Roaring Twenties Harlem Renaissance

The Great Migration • During the 1920 s many African Americans began moving out of the South to the ‘Promised Land’ of the Northern cities. • This mass movement became known as the Great Migration. • They left in search of jobs in the industrial cities, and to escape sharecropping, tenant farming, and the deep racism of the South. • It changed the culture of these northern cities, especially Harlem, a section of New York.

The Harlem Renaissance • The 1920 s is often called the Jazz Age, because of the importance of the new form of African American music. • This ‘rebirth’ in the interest of the African American culture became known as the “Harlem Renaissance”. • The Renaissance was more than just about the music, it included dance, visual arts, literature, and poetry.

Cab @ the Cotton Club

The Harlem Renaissance

The Harlem Renaissance • Langston Hughes – writer, poet who expressed his pride in his heritage as well as attacking racism. • Countee Cullen – won more major literary awards than any other African American writer. • Zora Neale Hurston – one of first successful African American women writers, her greatest novel “Their Eyes Watching God”

Back-to-Africa Movement • Marcus Garvey was a controversial political activist know for his fiery speeches and his fancy uniforms. • Garvey formed the ‘Universal Negro Improvement League’ with a goal of total liberation of African people around the world. • There was disillusionment with those who had ‘migrated’ to the North. • The frustration of coping with urban life and the racism that had followed many African Americans set the stage for his Back-to-Africa Movement.

STAAR Practice The ‘Great Migration’ of African Americans to northern cities introduced white America to a new style of music. Because of this music the 1920 s is often referred to as --- A. B. C. D. The Jazz Age The Gilded Age The Age of Eugenics The Harlem Renaissance Click mouse for answer Answer: A 2

STAAR Practice The poem is from one of the African American poets of the Harlem Renaissance. Which person is responsible for this work? A. B. C. D. Marcus Garvey Upton Sinclair F. Scott Fitzgerald Langston Hughes Click mouse for answer Answer: D Harlem Renaissance poets and authors like Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston and Countee Cullen were very popular 4

STAAR Practice 15 The Harlem Renaissance was an important cultural happening where African American writers --- A. B. C. D. Downplayed race and encouraged segregation. Expressed the joys and pains of being black in America. Created the first American form of literature. Denounced jazz as an un-American form of music. African American writers like Langston Hughes told about life as they witnessed it through the eyes of African Americans Click mouse for answer Answer: B

STAAR Practice The graphic shows the movement of African Americans leaving the South and headed to northern cities. What was a major cause of this Great Migration? A. The Red Scare B. The Harlem Renaissance C. The growth of the KKK D. The Scopes Monkey Trial The growth of the KKK, Jim Crow laws, segregation, and discrimination all created an atmosphere causing African Americans to leave the South. Click mouse for answer Answer: C 20

STAAR Practice Which group of people were best known for their poetry and writings that were inspired by the struggle of African Americans to achieve equality. A. B. C. D. Warren G. Harding, Calvin Coolidge, Herbert Hoover Countee Cullen, Langston Hughes, Zora Neale Hurston F. Scott Fitzgerald, Sinclair Lewis, Ernest Hemingway John Scopes, Clarence Darrow, William Jennings Bryan These African Americans authors were part of the Harlem Renaissance Click mouse for answer Answer: B 27

Summary • Great Migration – the mass movement of thousands of African American. – Moved out of the South into northern cities – Looking to escape discrimination & poverty – Wanted voting and other civil rights • Jazz – music of one culture that influence another, brought respect between races. • Harlem Renaissance – the ‘rebirth’ in the interest of African American culture, poetry, literature, art, music, etc.

Summary of the Roaring 20 s The 1920 s started out slowly but grew into a period of great prosperity. The Twenties was a time of great excitement and rapid changes that ended with a crash! A fear of communism, immigrants, & alcohol helped create feelings of mistrust, hatred, and unlawfulness. Women’s suffrage, flappers, Ford cars, the Harlem Renaissance, and new technologies made the 1920 s an exciting time to live. The 20 s roared until the stock market crashed and brought on the Great Depression.

TEKS • US. 6 (A) analyze causes and effects of events and social issues such as immigration, Social Darwinism, eugenics, race relations, nativism, the Red Scare, Prohibition, and the changing role of women; (of the 1920 s) • US. 6 (B) analyze the impact of significant individuals such as Clarence Darrow, William Jennings Bryan, Henry Ford, Glenn Curtiss, Marcus Garvey, and Charles A. Lindbergh. (of the 1920 s) • US. 13 (A) analyze the causes and effects of changing demographic patterns resulting from migration within the United States, including the Great Migration, • US. 16 (A) analyze causes of economic growth and prosperity in the 1920 s, including Warren Harding's Return to Normalcy, reduced taxes, and increased production efficiencies; • US. 21 (B) discuss historical reasons why the constitution has been amended; • US. 23 (B) evaluate various means of achieving equality of political rights, including the 19 th amendment and congressional acts such as the American Indian Citizenship Act of 1924;