Road Safety a Complex Field Describe road safety
Road Safety – a Complex Field Describe road safety as a complex, multidisciplinary, multimodal field devoted to the prevention and/or mitigation of crashes, injuries, and fatalities. 0 Module 1 -2
Major Topics The Complex Nature of Road Safety Disciplines 4 Es of Road Safety Modes Crash Prevention Paradigm Shift 1 Module 1 -2
Safety Disciplines Backgrounds Education Perspectives Multimodal 2 Module 1 -2
Safety Silos Institutional Levels • Federal • State • Local Modes • Passenger vehicles • Trucks • Transit • Pedestrians/bicyclists 3 Module 1 -2
The 4 Es of Road Safety Engineering Education Enforcement Emergency Response 4 Module 1 -2
Engineering Design Construction Operations Maintenance Vehicle 5 Module 1 -2
Education Behavior Change Rules of the Road Risk Awareness Amplify Enforcement and Engineering Activities 6 Module 1 -2
Enforcement Police Prosecutors Judges Probation 7 Module 1 -2
Emergency Response Incident Response Emergency Medical Services Fire and Rescue Hazardous Materials Removal 8 Module 1 -2
Public Health Roadway-related crashes are the leading cause of unintentional injuries and the sixth leading cause of death in the U. S. In 2004, road safety was theme of the annual World Health Day celebration. 9 Module 1 -2
Human Factors & Biomechanics Capabilities and Limitations of the Human Body • Strength • Reaction time • Visual acuity • Physical durability Effects of Exceeding Human Limitations 10 Module 1 -2
Public/Private Administrators Driver Licensing Vehicle Registration Analyze Insurance Claims Set Rates for Vehicle and Health Insurance Develop and Enforce Policies, Procedures, and Regulations 11 Module 1 -2
Transportation Planners 12 Module 1 -2
Road Safety Modes Passenger Cars Commercial Vehicles Motorcycles Pedestrians and Cyclists Transit 13 Module 1 -2
Vehicle Considerations Passenger Vehicles • Largest number of crashes by far • Size • Performance characteristics Mode Connectivity Vehicle Characteristics • Crash types • Fleet diversity • Height and weight 14 Module 1 -2
Other Motorized Vehicles Commercial Vehicles • Interaction with other vehicles • Roadway considerations Motorcycles Transit and Rail 15 Module 1 -2
Comparison of Vehicle Type Involved in Crashes Vehicle Type Passenger Cars Light Trucks Large Trucks Motorcycles 16 Crash Type Total Number of Crashes Rate (per 100 million vehicle-miles traveled) Rate (per 100 million registered vehicles) Fatal 25, 029 1. 55 18. 52 Injury 1, 893, 000 117 1, 401 Property Damage 4, 169, 000 258 3, 085 Fatal 22, 838 2. 01 24. 05 Injury 1, 209, 000 107 1, 273 Property Damage 2, 919, 000 257 3, 074 Fatal 4, 932 2. 21 58. 15 Injury 82, 000 37 971 Property Damage 354, 000 159 4, 176 Fatal 4, 655 43. 22 74. 75 Injury 80, 000 746 1, 291 Property Damage 18, 000 168 291 Module 1 -2
Non-Motorized Transport Pedestrians Bicyclists Roadway Facilities 17 Module 1 -2
Paradigm Shift Single Modes and Disciplines Collaboration Multidisciplinary and Multimodal Strategies 18 Module 1 -2
Multidisciplinary Approaches Young Drivers • Zero tolerance • Graduated driver licensing Safety Corridors 19 Module 1 -2
Fatal Crash Involvement by Driver Age 20 Module 1 -2
State Licensing Law & Driver Fatal Crash Involvement 21 Module 1 -2
Life-Saving Interventions – GDL STRONGEST GDL – reduction of 38% for fatal crashes and 40% for injury crashes among 16 -year-old drivers. WEAKEST GDL – reduction of 11% for fatal crashes and 19% for injury crashes. Source: Baker et al. , 2007 Module 1 -2
Rating of GDL Laws in the United States Legend Source: = Good = Fair = Marginal = Poor http: //www. iihs. org/laws/gdl_in Module 1 -2 termediate. aspx
Safety Corridor Programs Legislation Data Analysis Signage Enforcement Public Education 24 Module 1 -2
Safety Corridors in New Mexico 25 Module 1 -2
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Review The Complex Nature of Road Safety Disciplines 4 Es of Road Safety Modes Crash Prevention Paradigm Shift 28 Module 1 -2
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