Riverside forest at the river corridor Lech Riverside

Riverside forest at the river corridor Lech

Riverside forest at the river corridor Lech Important for the development of societies v Elevation v Speed above the river and the water level of fluid v Suspend matter

Succession of habitats that depend on the type of substratum

Succession of habitats that depend on the type of substratum Stones and gravel Sand Silt, clay, influence of groundwater Salici Myricarietum Erico Pinetum sylvestris with Alnus incanus Salici Alnetum Salicetum development Erico-Molino. Pinetum Salicetum typicum Salicetum with moss and lichens development

Succession of habitats that depend on the type of substratum

Habitats that depend on type on aggregation of materials Deposit Accrete Subside Riverbed gravel Sand, fluiding water Sludge, standing water Agrostis alba society Heleocharis-Limosella society Nuphar society Salix bushes Phalaridetum Salicetum albae Deep Salicetum albae Salix bushes High Salicetum albae Deep Salicetum High Alnetum incanae Deep Alnetum Fraxinus excelsioris Deep Fraxino – Quercetum Fraxinus – Ulmus – Quercus forest

Habitats that depend on type on aggregation of materials Connection between the development of soil and vegetation v v. Regressive naturally development near the river v. Anthropogenic degradations Softwood riverside-forest have a fast pass through succession v Hardwood forests – succession slower v

Habitats that depend on type of soil and elevation Typical of soil Societies Duration of succession phase Brown lime – forest soil Galio Quercetum Galio Carpinetum 4000 -5000 a Mull-lime Riverside soil Fraxino Ulmetum 4000 a Grey brown lime soil Alnetum incanae Loniceretosum with Malinia 100 a Grey lime soil Alnetum incanae loniceretosum 50 a Light grey lime soil Alnetum incanae typicum 25 a Rough lime soil Salicetum albo-fragilis 25 a Rough soils Alluvial lithosol Senecio fluviatilis 5 a

Habitats that depend on type on aggregation of materials v. Water engraved 1, 5 m deeper as a consequence of barriers and dams v. Periodical sedimentation of the river decreased; degradation started v. Restoration status) of the river started (2001 Natura 2000

Examples of pioneer societies 1. ) Epilobietum fleischeri With dominant herbs: v v Linaria alpina Saxifraga aizoides Anthlyllis vulneraria Cerastium pedunculatum

Examples of pioneer societies 1. ) Epilobietum fleischeri Frequently moved gravel v Sand banks v Glacial drifts with an annual influence of the river dynamic v Result of alteration of deposits and accretes v

Examples of pioneer societies 2. ) Myricario - Chondrilletum With dominant plants: Chondrilla chondrilloides v Dryas octopetala v Myricaria germanica v Salix purpurea v Salix elaeagnos v

Examples of pioneer societies 2. ) Myricario - Chondrilletum Annually flooded gravel banks v Nutrient – poor soil v Provides the stabilization of soil v

Examples of pioneer societies 3. ) Salici Myricarietum Dominated by: Myricaria germanica v Salix purpurea v Salix elaeagnos v Pinus sylvestris v

Examples of pioneer societies 3. ) Salici Myricarietum Gravel banks v Basic and nutrient poor soil v Endures overflooding and overthrowing v Starts to settle only on silt v 0, 5 – 1, 5 m above the middle water line v

Examples of pioneer societies 4. ) Salicetum elaeagno purpureae Dominated plants here: Alnus incana v Salix elaeagnos v Salix purpurea v Rubus caesium v Chaerophyllum hirsutum v

Examples of pioneer societies 4. ) Salicetum elaeagno purpureae v On higher sites of river foodplaines v 2, 5 m above the middle water line v Not periodical flooded v Sandy soil with a fine humus layer

Examples of following societies 5. ) Softwood riverside forest v v Growing on the middle course – on fine-grained alluvial plaines Occasional flooded rich on nutrients a. ) at the middle water line: Salicetum triandro – viminalis b. ) above the middle water line: Salicetum albo-fragilis

Examples of following societies 6. ) Alnetum incanae On chalky soil with good ventilation v Above the middle water line v

Examples of following societies 7. ) Fraxino – Ulmetum On deep, nutrient-poor loamy soils v Only flooded by extreme high water v